在台灣複雜又擁擠的道路設計下，步行用路人正面臨著巨大的安全隱患，又因道路規劃與國人駕駛習慣不良等因素，導致行人步行路徑與機車行車路線高度重疊，使機車成為台灣行人在道路安全中最大的威脅。相關事故統計指出，行人遭遇交通事故，撞擊點集中於下肢，使其成為最常受損的部位，機車之撞擊點又較汽車更低，且車體缺乏吸能結構，更容易造成脛骨骨折與踝關節韌帶撕裂等傷害，儘管這些傷害的致死率低，但其造成的長期甚至永久殘疾與高昂復健成本等問題，仍會對傷者日常生活造成非常大的不便，其嚴重性不可忽視。
次系統測試目前已廣泛應用於汽車安全領域，其中已開發出多款行人下肢腿模，但其對於踝關節機構之設計均不夠充足，難以重現真實行人足踝關節的碰撞響應，因此，本研究目的為設計出一款改造足踝關節機構，並將其整合至柔性行人下肢衝擊器上，以期為此下肢腿模提供更加完整且符合生物擬真性之碰撞響應。
本研究首先建構柔性行人下肢衝擊器有限元模型，並按照官方規定之流程，通過準靜態測試與動態鐘擺測試。接著利用實體踝關節準靜態實驗與數值模擬取得各旋轉自由度之扭矩負載與卸載曲線，隨後將曲線輸入踝關節有限元模型，並通過了官方規定之三種動態測試。接著將踝關節機構整合至腿模，開發出改造柔性行人下肢衝擊器有限元模型；與原版腿模比較結果顯示，改造腿模可以大程度保留原腿模在第一碰撞下的動態響應，並增加踝關節之撞擊響應。最後，本研究將改造腿模應用於行人-機車正側面撞擊案例分析，結果顯示初始衝擊力為導致行人受傷的主因；在高速撞擊下，行人脛骨中下段、膝關節外側副韌帶與踝關節內側之受傷風險顯著提升；中低速撞擊則僅有踝關節內側之受傷風險顯著提升。

In Taiwan's complex traffic environment, pedestrian pathways heavily overlap with motorcycle routes, making motorcycle collisions the leading cause of lower limb injuries among pedestrians. However, existing Flexible Pedestrian Legform Impactors (FLEX-PLI) lack a comprehensive ankle mechanism, limiting its ability to accurately replicate the collision response of the human ankle joint. Therefore, this thesis aims to design a modified ankle joint mechanism and integrate it into the FLEX-PLI GTR to enhance its overall impact biofidelity.
In this study, finite element models of the FLEX-PLI GTR and the ankle foot mechanism were constructed and validated via quasi-static and dynamic testing in compliance with official regulatory standards. After integrating the ankle mechanism into the legform, the retrofitted legform not only preserved the original dynamic response during initial impact but also significantly enhanced the ankle's impact response. Applying this retrofitted legform to pedestrian-motorcycle side-collision analyses revealed that the initial impact force was the primary cause of injury; high-speed impacts (60 km/h) significantly increased the injury risks to the middle-lower tibia, knee lateral collateral ligament, and medial ankle, whereas low-to-medium speed impacts (30, 40km/h) primarily elevated the injury risk to the medial ankle.

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