本研究利用兩性膜(Bipolar membrane)獨特的電場加強水解離特性，應用於電解水產氫的實驗，透過本實驗室開發的電漿誘導接枝法，將陰陽離子型單體N,N-Dimethyl amino ethyl acrylate (DMAEA)以及4-Styrene sulfonic acid sodium salt hydrate (SSS)分別誘導接枝在PVDF膜形成DMAEA-PVDF-SSS兩性膜。經SEM、FTIR-ATR以及接觸角的分析結果顯示，於PVDF兩側接枝的陰陽離子層均勻地覆蓋在膜表面，兩側的層厚分別為3.2μm和2.8μm。利用電化學特性分析顯示，DMAEA-PVDF-SSS兩性膜的強化電場作用，在25℃下可將水解離成H+ 與OH- 的電位降低至0.94 V；在65℃下可將水解離成H+ 與OH- 的電位降低至0.75 V。進一步的將DMAEA-PVDF-SSS兩性膜、商業膜(Astom Co. Ltd.)以及PES（模擬純水解離）分別當作隔膜進行電化學分析，藉由量測工作電位、穩定狀態電流密度、產氫氣效率和能量消耗來比較三種膜在電解水產氫的表現。定電流的分析中，DMAEA-PVDF-SSS兩性膜比其它兩個薄膜更具有降低工作電位的效果，89.8%產氫氣效率與6.68 (kWh/m3)能量消耗皆為最佳表現；定電壓的分析中，DMAEA-PVDF-SSS兩性膜可提高電解水的電流密度，顯示出本研究製備的兩性膜能提高單位時間膜內所流經過的電荷量，電流密度越大，其電子流也越大，電子可提供給H+進行還原反應，增加產氫氣體積，進而降低能量消耗。溫度提高也可降低臨界電位，且水解離反應為吸熱反應，提高操作溫度可提供更多的能量，解離出更多的H+與OH-，以PES膜產生1Nm3 H2能量消耗為基準，在30℃下，DMAEA-PVDF-SSS兩性膜當作隔膜可以節省約17% - 43%的能量；在65℃下，使用DMAEA-PVDF-SSS兩性膜當作隔膜可以節省約7.4% - 16%的能量。DMAEA-PVDF-SSS兩性膜之穩定狀態電流密度、產氫氣效率和能量消耗皆優於商業膜(Astom Co. Ltd.)以及PES膜。將電解液從弱鹼系統更換至強酸強鹼系統，增加導電性且電解液本身不需通過中間的兩性膜電解，即可自身解離產生H+及OH-，可直接在陰陽極產生氧化還原反應，陽極端會產生兩個化學反應，一為強鹼自身解離OH-發生氧化反應，另一個為中間層的水解離反應。強酸強鹼系統相較於弱鹼系統，增加產氫氣效率約為2.7% - 7.7 %，節省約3.5% - 7.5%的能量。提高電解液濃度有助於增加導電性，在0.1M NaOH/HCl系統下，產氫氣效率約70.6% - 93.1%；在0.5M NaOH/HCl系統下，產氫氣效率約92.2% - 97.4%，大幅提升產氫氣效率，並且節省4.3% - 23.4%的能量。綜合以上改變電解水產氫實驗參數的結果顯示，本研究的DMAEA-PVDF-SSS兩性膜具有傑出的電解水效率與低能耗，具有商業化的價值。

In this study, the specific effect of electrical field-enhanced water dissociation by using the bipolar membrane, which is applied to the experiment of hydrogen production from water electrolysis. Through the plasma induced grafting method developed by our laboratory, the anionic and cationic monomer N,N-Dimethyl amino Ethyl acrylate (DMAEA) and 4-Styrene sulfonic acid sodium salt hydrate (SSS) induced respectively grafting on PVDF membrane to form DMAEA-PVDF-SSS bipolar membrane. The analysis results of SEM, FTIR-ATR and contact angle show that the anion and cationic layers grafted on both sides of PVDF cover the membrane surface uniformly, and the layer thickness on both sides is 3.2 μm and 2.8 μm, respectively. The analysis of the electrochemical characteristics shows that the DMAEA-PVDF-SSS bipolar membrane enhance electric field effect. The critical voltage of water splitting to H+ and OH- could reduce to 0.94 V at 25°C and reduce to 0.75 V at 65°C by using the bipolar membrane. Further, the DMAEA-PVDF-SSS bipolar membrane, commercial membrane (Astom Co. Ltd.) and PES (simulated pure water dissociation) were used for electrochemical analysis, by measuring the cell voltage, steady-state current density, hydrogen production efficiency and energy consumption are used to compare the performance of the three membranes in producing hydrogen from water electrolysis. In the analysis of fixed current, the DMAEA-PVDF-SSS bipolar membrane has a lower cell voltage than the other two. 89.8% hydrogen production efficiency and 6.68 (kWh/m3) energy consumption are the best performance; at a fixed voltage analysis, the DMAEA-PVDF-SSS bipolar membrane can increase the current density of water electrolysis, showing that increase the amount of charge flowing through the membrane per unit time. The greater the current density, the greater the electron flow. The electrons can be supplied to H+ for the reduction reaction, increasing the volume of hydrogen produced, thereby reducing energy consumption. Increasing the temperature can also reduce the critical voltage, and the water electrolysis reaction is endothermic. Increasing the operating temperature can provide more energy to dissociate more H+ and OH-. Based on the energy consumption of 1Nm3 H2 produced by the PES membrane, the DMAEA-PVDF-SSS bipolar membrane can save about 17%-43% of energy consumption at 30℃ and 7.4%-16% of energy consumption at 65 ℃. Regardless of the steady-state current density, hydrogen production efficiency and energy consumption, DMAEA-PVDF-SSS bipolar membranes are superior to commercial membranes (Astom Co. Ltd.) and PES membranes. Replace the electrolyte from a weak base system to a strong acid and strong base system to increase conductivity and the electrolyte does not need to be electrolyzed through the bipolar membrane to dissociate H+ and OH-, which can directly produce redox reactions at the cathode and anode. Two chemical reactions will occur at the anode, one is that the strong base dissociates OH- by itself, and the other is the electrolysis reaction through the middle layer. Compared with the weak base system, the strong acid and strong base system increases the hydrogen production efficiency about 2.7%-7.7% and saves about 3.5%-7.5% of energy consumption. Increasing the electrolyte concentration helps increase electrical conductivity. In the 0.1M NaOH/HCl system, the hydrogen production efficiency is about 70.6%-93.1%; In the 0.5M NaOH/HCl system, the hydrogen production efficiency is about 92.2%-97.4%, which enhanced greatly to improve the hydrogen production efficiency, and save 4.3%-23.4% of energy consumption. Based on the above results of changing the experimental parameters from water electrolysis, due to the outstanding electrolysis efficiency and low energy consumption, the DMAEA-PVDF-SSS biploar membrane in this study has commercial value.

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