潰瘍性結腸炎是發生於結腸部位的慢性炎症，屬於發炎性腸道疾病的一種，常見的症狀為腹痛、腹瀉、胃腸道出血，嚴重則會導致罹患大腸癌的風險增加。然而目前對於此疾病的發病原因還尚未確定，遺傳易感性、環境因素及免疫系統失調皆可能與潰瘍性結腸炎的發展有關。羅望子木葡聚醣(TXG)是一種來自於羅望子樹種子中的天然多醣類，在過去的研究中發現其具有抗發炎及抗氧化的功能，能夠預防葡聚糖硫酸鈉(DSS)所誘導的慢性結腸炎的發生，然而目前還沒有將羅望子木葡聚醣應用在三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)所誘導的急性結腸炎治療的相關研究。因此，本研究的目的為探討使用羅望子木葡聚醣對於治療TNBS所誘導的小鼠急性結腸炎的潛在應用價值。將小鼠以直腸給藥方式打入TNBS進行結腸炎的誘導後，以餵管方式每天給予一次羅望子木葡聚醣進行治療，並於誘導後第三天與第五天進行犧牲。實驗結束後，採集小鼠血液與結腸進行後續分析，包括血液細胞分析、氧化壓力、發炎反應與結腸組織病理切片。實驗結果顯示，羅望子木葡聚醣能夠顯著減輕小鼠結腸的損傷，並降低COX-2的表現量和促炎細胞因子IL-6、IL-1β以及TNF-α的含量，因此推斷羅望子木葡聚醣可藉由降低發炎反應來減緩TNBS所誘導的小鼠潰瘍性結腸炎。

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in the colon. It is a type of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) which may lead to abdominal pain, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding, and colorectal cancer. However, the causes of UC have not been identified. It has been suggested that genetic susceptibility, environmental factors and exaggerated immune response may be related to the development of ulcerative colitis. Tamarind xyloglucan (TXG) is a natural polysaccharide isolated from seed of Tamarindus indica which have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities. It can prevent the chronic colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether tamarind xyloglucan can be used to treat TNBS-induced colitis in mice by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Colitis was induced by intrarectal administration of a single dose of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). After TNBS administration, mice were treated with a single daily oral gavage of TXG and were sacrificed on day 3 or day 5. Complete blood count (CBC), oxidative stress, inflammation and histological parameters were analyzed. The results showed that TXG can reduce the expression of COX-2 and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. Therefore, it is concluded that TXG may attenuate ulcerative colitis by reducing inflammation.

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