戴奧辛的生物毒性，主要是經由芳香族碳氫化合物受器（Aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AhR）所誘發。本研究利用轉殖入人類AhR/Arnt基因之酵母菌，在豐水期與枯水期間，於臺灣南部的鹽水溪流域、二仁溪流域與阿公店溪流域採樣進行類戴奧辛生物毒性試驗分析，並將具有類戴奧辛物質濃度較高的樣本以液相層析儀分離，探討不同採樣點中會結合AhR之化合物是否相同，另外亦透過液相層析串聯式質譜儀等儀器，試著鑑定主要會與AhR結合之污染物質。
實驗結果顯示鹽水溪流域含有之類戴奧辛物質當量濃度較二仁溪流域與阿公店溪流域高，其中以枯水期間測得的濃度高於豐水期。鹽水溪流域中下游地點（豐化橋、太平橋、鹽水溪橋）具有較高之類戴奧辛物質當量濃度，其中以枯水期間於鹽水溪流域的豐化橋所測得的數值最高，類戴奧辛當量濃度高達14.9 ± 2.1 nM β-NF。此外，以生物毒性試驗法分析經液相層析儀分離後之分段樣本，判定不同採樣點中並非為同樣之污染物質會與AhR結合。

Biotoxicity of dioxin is activated through the induction of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). In this study, water samples were obtained during the wet and dry seasons from three main river basins in southern Taiwan, including Yanshuei River, Erren River, and Agongdian River Basins. Analysis of dioxin-like activity of these water samples was carried out using yeast cells transformed with human gene AhR/Arnt. Samples with higher concentrations of dioxin-like compounds were then fractionated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to investigate the similarity of AhR-binding compounds in the three rivers. In addition, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was utilized to identify the types of pollutants binding to AhR.
The experimental results demonstrated that water samples from Yanshuei River Basin contained the highest equivalent concentration of dioxin-like compounds among the three river basins. The equivalent concentration was higher in the dry season samples taken at the downstream of Yanshuei River Basin, such as Fenghua Bridge, Taiping Bridge and Yanshuei River Bridge. The equivalent concentration of dioxin-like compounds was 14.9 ± 2.1 nM β-NF at Fenghua Bridge, which was the highest among the three sites. Further investigation of HPLC-fractionated samples showed that the dioxin-like compounds were different among the three river basins.

1.Alnafisi, A.; Hughes, J.; Wang, G.; Miller III, C. A.; Evaluating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using a yeast bioassay. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 26, 1333-1339, 2007.
2.Bradfield, C. A.; Bjeldanes, L. F.; Structure-activity relationships of dietary indoles: a proposed mechanism of action as modifiers of xenobiotic metabolism. Toxicology and Environmental Health, 21, 311-323, 1987.
3.Bjeldanes, L. F.; Kim, J.-Y.; Grose, K. R.; Bartholomew, J. C.; Bradfield, C. A.; Aromatic hydrocarbon responsiveness-receptor agonists generated from indole-3-carbinol in vitro and in vivo: Comparisons with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 88, 9543-9547, 1991.
4.Behnisch, P. A.; Hosoe, K.; Sakai, S.-I.; Bioanalytical screening methods for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds - a review of bioassay/biomarker technology. Environment International, 27, 413-439, 2001.
5.Ciolino, H. P.; Daschner, P. J.; Wang, T. T.; Yeh. G. C.; Effect of Curcumin on the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Cytochrome P450 1A1 in MCF-7 Human Breast Carcinoma Cells, Biochemical Pharmacology, 56, 197-206, 1998.
6.Corchero, J.; Pimprale, S.; Kimura, S.; Gonzalez, F. J.; Organization of the CYP1A cluster on human chromosome 15: implications for gene regulation. Pharmacogenetics, 11, 1-6, 2001.
7.Denison, M. S.; Zhao, B.; Baston, D. S.; Clark, G. C.; Murata, H.; Han, D.; Recombinant cell bioassay systems for the detection and relative quantization of halogenated dioxins and related chemicals. Talanta, 63, 1123-1133, 2004.
8.Dindal, A.; Thompson, E.; Aume, L.; Billets, S.; Application of Site-Specific Calibration Data Using the CALUX by XDS Bioassay for Dioxin-like Chemicals in Soil and Sediment Samples. Environmental Science and Technology, 41, 8376-8382, 2007.
9.Garrison, P. M.; Tullis, K.; Aarts, J. M.; Brouwer, A.; Giesy, J. P.; Denison, M. S.; Species-specific recombinant cell lines as bioassay systems for the detection of 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-like chemicals, Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, 30, 194-203, 1996.
10.Giesy, J. P.; Hilscherova, K.; Jones, P. D.; Kannan, K.; Machala. M.; Cell bioassay for detection of aryl hydrocarbon (AhR) and estrogen receptor (ER) mediated activity in environmental samples. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 45, 1-12, 2002.
11.Hearth-Pagliuso, S.; Rogers, W. J.; Tullis, K.; Seidel, S. D.; Cenijn, P. H.; Brouwer, A.; Dension, M. S.; Activation of the Ah Receptor by Tryptophan and Tryptophan Metabolites, Biochemistry, 37, 11508-11515, 1998.
12.Miller III, C. A.; A human aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway constructed in yeast displays additive responses to ligand mixtures. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 160, 297-303, 1999.
13.McKay, G.; Dioxin characterisation, formation and minimization during municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration: review. Chemical Engineering Journal, 86, 343-368, 2002.
14.Mimura, J.; Fujii-Kuriyama, Y.; Functional role of AhR in the expression of toxic effects by TCDD. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1619, 263-268, 2003.
15.Poland, A.; Knutson, J. C.; 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons: examination of the mechanism of toxicity. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 22, 517-554, 1982.
16.Phelan, D.; Winter, G. M.; Rogers, W. J.; Lam, J. C.; Dension, M. S.; Activation of the Ah Receptor Signal Transduction Pathway by Bilirubin and Biliverdin, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 357, 155-163, 1998.
17.Petrulis, J. R.; Chen, G.; Benn, S.; LaMarre, J.; Bunce, N. J.; Application of the ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay to mixtures of halogenated aromatic compounds, Environmental Toxicology, 16, 177-184, 2001.
18.USEPA. Performance of the cape technologies DF1 dioxin/furan immunoassay kit for soil and sediment samples, 2008
19.Van Ede, K.; Li, A.; Antunes-Fernandes, E.; Mulder, P.; Peijnenburg, A.; Hoogenboom, R.; Bioassay directed identification of natural aryl hydrocarbon-receptor agonists in marmalade, Analytica Chimica Acta, 617, 238-245, 2008.
20.Windal, I.; Van Wouwe, N.; Eppe, G.; Xhrouet, C.; Debacker, V.; Baeyens, W.; De Pauw, E.; Goeyens. L.; Validation and interpretation of CALUX as a tool for the estimation of dioxin-like activity in marine biological matrixes, Environmental Science and Technology, 39, 1741-1748, 2005.
21.洪千雯，Hepa-1小鼠細胞蛋白質體如何受2,3,7,8-四氯戴奧辛影響，國立成功大學環境醫學研究所，碩士論文，2002
22.林建三，環境工程概論，鼎茂圖書，2005
23.蔡俊銘，河川環境水體整體調查監測計畫，中環科技事業股份有限公司，2005
24.郭慧如，利用人體肝腫瘤細胞株建立戴奧辛生物偵測法與應用，國立成功大學環境工程學系，碩士論文，2006
25.陳元武，戴奧辛生物快速篩選法在環境樣品分析之應用，行政院環境保護署環境檢驗所，農產品戴奧辛（Dioxin）分析技術教育訓練課程講義，2007
26.徐慈鴻、李貽華、高清文，戴奧辛生物快速篩選法在農、畜及水產品的應用，行政院農業委員會，2008
27.蔡佩倩，戴奧辛類中毒者健康影響及其分子指標研究，國立成功大學基礎醫學研究所，博士論文，2008
28.全國環境水質監測資訊網，http://wqshow.epa.gov.tw
29.行政院環保署，http://www.epa.gov.tw
30.經濟部水利署，http://www.wra.gov.tw
31.環境檢驗所，http://www.niea.gov.tw
32.環保署統計資料庫，http://210.69.101.110/