本研究之目的，為解決大型都市垃圾焚化爐冷啟動期間高濃度多氯聯苯醚(PCDEs)之生成與排放問題。本研究於A廠兩次起爐期間(3號爐及2號爐)採用縮短燃燒室於200~450°C之升溫時間以及提前注入活性碳、石灰乳泥作為起爐PCDEs控制技術，並進行煙道廢氣PCDEs之採樣與分析，為評估減量成效，另選擇採用一般標準起爐程序之大型都市焚化爐B廠做為比較。起爐期間A廠之3號爐及2號爐起爐期間分別採樣4個(A~D)及6個(A~F)樣品。
研究結果顯示，A廠於兩次起爐中期時PCDEs濃度開始上升;此時燃燒室溫度達到231°C~406°C，其位於PCDEs de novo 生成溫度區間(250°C ~450°C)。當A廠開始進行廢棄物進料，燃燒不完全造成PCDEs濃度皆大幅上升至最高值(三號爐及二號爐分別為0.0994 ng/Nm3及0.134 ng/Nm3)。此外，過熱器溫度和節熱器溫度亦位於PCDEs de novo生成溫度區間，亦會造成PCDEs生成。經計算後，估計3號爐及二號爐於起爐期間之PCDEs 排放總量分別為0.0664 mg及0.0486 mg。比較發現，採用起爐PCDEs控制技術之A廠其兩次起爐期間PCDEs之最高濃度及排放量分別較B廠下降98.7~99.0%及97.9~98.4%。
因本研究於現行運作之A廠所進行，所採行之起爐PCDEs控制技術可實際應用，不須更動硬體設施，而輔助燃料噴嘴堵塞清洗及提早活性碳及石灰乳泥進料時間亦不影響操作成本。此外，A廠其爐體與空氣污染防制設備與國內其他焚化廠均相似，故未來可將此控制技術進行市場化推行。

The aim of this study is to solve the problem of extremely high polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) concentrations and formation during cold-start procedure of municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs). In this study, we proposed control technologies, including shortening the heating time of combustion between 200-450°C and advancing the injecting times of activated carbon and lime, to abate high emissions of combustion-originated PCDEs during the cold-start procedure. PCDE emissions of two MSWIs, one adopting proposed control technologies (MSWI-A) and the other with standard start-up procedure (MSWI-B), were compared to evaluate the effect of reduction on PCDEs. Stack flue gases sampling were carried on the incinerator 3 and 2 of MSWI-A during cold-start trials and a total of four (sample A–D) and six samples (sample A–F) were collected, respectively.
The results showed that the total PCDE concentrations rose in the middle stage of two cold-start trials of MSWI-A. At that time the temperature of combustion chamber reached 231°C–406°C, which was in the temperature region of de novo synthesis (250°C–450°C). After that, the waste feeding resulted in the incomplete combustion condition, causing the drastic elevation of total PCDE concentrations (0.0994 ng/Nm3 for incinerator 3 and 0.134 ng/Nm3 for incinerator 2). Furthermore, the temperatures in the inlet of superheater and economizer were also in the temperature region of de novo synthesis, which may resulted in the formation of PCDEs. After calculating, the estimated PCDE emission quantities of MSWI-A during the first and the second start-up trials were 0.0664 mg and 0.0486 mg, respectively. By adopting the control technologies, the highest PCDE concentrations and PCDE emission quantities of MSWI-A during two cold-start trials were reduced by 98.7–99.0% and 98.4–98.4%, respectively, compared to those of MSWI-B.
This study was carried out at the MSWI which is in operation. The adopted measures can be practically applied without modifying any hardware facilities. Cleaning stoppage of auxiliary fuel nozzle and advancing the injecting times of activated carbon and lime will not affect the operational cost. Furthermore, the furnaces and air pollution control devices (APCDs) of MSWI-A are similar to those of other MSWIs in Taiwan. Therefore, the control technologies proposed in this study can be applied to other MSWIs in the future.

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