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研究生: 陳皇翰
Chen, Huang-Han
論文名稱: 利用可見光探討銀沉積於奈米氧化鋅的 光催化活性
The photocatalytic activities of silver doped ZnO nanoparticles under visible light irradiation
指導教授: 黃守仁
Whang, Thou-Jen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 107
中文關鍵詞: 氧化鋅
外文關鍵詞: zinc oxide
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  •   本研究針對光催化之觸媒進行性質上的改良。以石榴石釹雷射製備出比市售氧化鋅(~28.9 nm)更小的光觸媒粉體(~16.7 nm)以及銀沉積於氧化鋅上的光觸媒,並將它們應用於在可見光下對降解甲基藍的研究。這些光觸媒藉由XRD、UV-Vis、TEM、SEM、EDS和SAED被鑑定。在光催化降解甲基藍的結果中,發現在pH=11的系統裡,2%Ag/ZnO光觸媒在可見光燈的照射下是最高效率去完成甲基藍的光降解。但是在更多含量的銀下對光降解效率而言卻是有害的。

     The objective of this study is to increase the photocatalytic activity of semiconductor photocatalysts. The ZnO photocatalysts(~16.7 nm) made by Nd:YAG Laser are smaller than commercial zinc oxide(~28.9 nm). The silver doped ZnO photocatalysts were made by Nd:YAG Laser and research in photodegradation under visible light irradiation. The photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis, TEM, SEM, EDS and SAED. In the results of photocatalysis, it was found in pH=11 that the 2% Ag content was optimum to achieve the highest efficiency of the methylene blue photodegradation under visible light irradiation. But more Ag content was detrimental to the photodegradation efficiency.

    目錄 致謝 中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 目錄 III 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 XII 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 前言 1 1-2 研究目的與內容 2 1-2-1 研究目的 2 1-2-2 研究內容 3 第二章 文獻回顧 5 2-1 光觸媒 5 2-2 量子效應 6 2-3 氧化鋅 9 2-3-1 氧化鋅的理論結構及特性 9 2-3-2 氧化鋅的應用和發展 11 2-3-3 氧化鋅的製備 11 2-3-3-1 零維的氧化鋅粒子 11 2-3-3-2 一維的氧化鋅奈米線 13 2-3-3-3 二維的氧化鋅奈米薄膜 16 2-4 半導體異相光催化 18 2-4-1 半導體性質 18 2-4-2 半導體光催化之應用 20 2-4-3半導體光催化之反應原理 21 2-4-3-1 能隙 22 2-4-3-2 能帶位置 23 2-4-3-3 電子電洞的捕捉效應 24 2-4-3-4 表面競爭吸附 24 2-5 提升光活性的方法 27 2-5-1 添加重金屬 27 2-5-2 複合半導體 28 2-5-3 表面敏化 30 2-5-4 過渡金屬之塗佈 30 2-5-5 混合態光觸媒 31 2-5-6 表面積增大 31 2-6 提升光活性的目的 32 2-7 固液異相光催化之影響因子 33 2-7-1 觸媒添加量 33 2-7-2 pH值 34 2-7-3 氧化劑的添加 35 2-7-4 光源之波長與強度 36 2-8 奈米粒子製備方法 39 2-8-1 化學方法 39 2-8-1-1 光化學法 39 2-8-2 物理方法 39 2-8-2-1 雷射剝削法 39 2-9 金屬奈米粒子的表面電漿共振 42 第三章、研究內容與方法 47 3-1 研究內容與研究項目 47 3-2 觸媒的製備 48 3-2-1 ZnO(Laser)的製備的製備 48 3-2-2 Ag/ZnO的製備 50 3-3研究及鑑定的儀器 51 3-4 光觸媒的性質分析 52 3-4-1 紫外-可見光光譜儀 52 3-4-2 X光粉末繞射儀 52 3-4-3 穿透式電子顯微鏡 53 3-5 光催化的實驗 54 3-5-1 實驗流程 54 3-5-2 實驗設備 54 3-5-3 光催化去除甲基藍 56 3-5-3-1 背景實驗 56 3-5-3-2 甲基藍的光催化分解實驗 57 3-6 分析方法 58 第四章 結果與討論 59 4-1 光觸媒性質的鑑定 59 4-1-1紫外光-可見光光譜儀(UV-Vis)分析 59 4-1-2 XRD分析 63 4-1-3 TEM及SEM分析 67 4-1-4 EDS分析 76 4-1-5 SAED分析 80 4-2 甲基藍的最大吸收波長鑑定 83 4-3 光催化背景實驗 86 4-3-1 揮發實驗 86 4-3-2 直接光解實驗 87 4-3-3 吸附實驗 88 4-4 光催化降解實驗 93 4-4-1 九種光觸媒在pH=4下對甲基藍降解的影響 93 4-4-2 九種光觸媒在pH=7下對甲基藍降解的影響 94 4-4-3 九種光觸媒在pH=11下對甲基藍降解的影響 95 4-5銀沉積在氧化鋅上增強光催化活性的機構 97 第五章 結論與建議 98 5-1 結論 98 5-2 建議 99 參考文獻 100

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