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研究生： 王淵霆
Wang, Yuan-Ting
論文名稱： 具透明金屬電極之平板鈣鈦礦太陽能電池
Planar Perovskite Solar Cells with Transparent Metal Contact
指導教授： 賴韋志
Lai, Wei-Chih
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 光電科學與工程學系
Department of Photonics
論文出版年： 2015
畢業學年度： 103
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 98
中文關鍵詞： 甲基銨碘化鉛 、鎳金薄膜 、太陽能電池 、氧化鋅
外文關鍵詞： perovskite, Ni/Au, solar cells, ZnO
相關次數： 點閱：99  下載：5 
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    • 本論文主要探討以鎳金薄膜退火氧化後作為透明導電層與電洞傳輸層，並濺鍍氧化鋅作為電子傳輸層，應用於鈣鈦礦系列太陽能電池之研究。
    首先蒸鍍不同金薄膜厚度並改變鎳金薄膜退火參數，探究其穿透率、功函數以及材料之電阻值，並輔以SEM圖來佐證不同鎳金薄膜厚度與退火溫度的影響。
    使用甲基銨碘化鉛（methylammonium lead iodide）製備平板鈣鈦礦結構的主動層，透過元件的製作了解不同金薄膜厚度與退火參數對太陽能元件所產生的影響以及物理意義。
    此外，我們試圖濺鍍氧化鋅於鈣鈦礦薄膜上，致力於製造p型與n型材料全無機的結構，使鈣鈦礦太陽能元件在大氣中獲得穩定且持久的效率。然而在濺鍍氧化鋅於鈣鈦礦薄膜上時，會造成結構上的傷害，此時覆蓋一層C60作為阻擋層可以避免效率值的流失，然而C60的厚度扮演著關鍵的角色，過少將無法有效阻擋損傷的發生，而過多則導致元件效率寄生電阻的增加。最後將兩者結合，進而探究不同載子傳輸層對元件各個光電特性參數之趨勢。

    In this work ,we demonstrated efficient planar perovskite solar cell using annealed Ni/Au thin film, and combined sputtering ZnO film to fabricate a solar cell with all inorganic n-type and p-type material. Replacement of the ITO/PEDOT:PSS bilayer in the state-of-the-art ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Perovskite/C60/BCP structure by annealed Ni/Au transparent metal film led to similar power conversion efficiency(PCE) of ITO-free planar perovskite heterojunction solar cells with Ni/Au contact. By varying the annealing temperature and thickness of Au, we can modulate the transmittance and resistance of transparent metal material and find out a better match of perovskite’s HOMO. The best of our devices deliver Voc=1.02V、Jsc=13.04mA/cm2、FF=0.76、η= 10.23%、Rs=56.71Ω·cm2和Rp=446.22MΩ MΩ. And then, we use the sputter to deposit a thin ZnO film as an electron transport layer but unable to be measured any PCE . With a C60 buffer layer , the PCE of this structure shows a large improvement. Therefore, the perovskite solar cell combined with Ni/Au film and sputtering ZnO material further emphasize the versatility and performance potential of lead halide perovskite materials for photovoltaic applications.

    摘要..........................................I 致謝..........................................VIII 目錄..........................................IX 圖目錄........................................XII 表目錄........................................XVIII 第一章　序論...................................1 1.1 簡介......................................1 1.2 平板鈣鈦礦結構之太陽能電池之介紹.............2 1.2.1 鈣鈦礦光伏元件簡介與現今發展...............2 1.2.2 光生載子特性.............................4 1.3 研究目的與動機.............................7 第二章　理論基礎...............................11 2.1 太陽能電池簡介.............................11 2.1.1 p-n接面.................................11 2.1.2 p-i-n接面...............................13 2.2 太陽能電池等效電路模型......................14 2.2.1 理想化等效電路模型........................14 2.2.2 非理想等效電路模型........................16 2.3 太陽能電池元件相關參數分析...................17 2.3.1 開路電壓(Open-circuit Voltage, VOC)......17 2.3.2 短路電流(Short Current, ISC).............18 2.4.3 最大輸出功率(Maximum Output Power, PMAX)、最大輸出電壓(VMAX)、最大輸出電流(IMAX)......................19 2.4.4 填充因子(Fill Factor, FF)................20 2.4.5 光電轉換效率(Energy Conversion Efficiency, η) ..............................................21 2.4.6 串聯電阻與並聯電阻對於太陽能電池之影響......21 第三章　材料介紹與實驗流程.......................27 3.1 材料介紹...................................27 3.1.1 PEDOT:PSS...............................27 3.1.2 甲基碘化鉛...............................27 3.2 實驗流程...................................28 3.2.1 實驗流程簡介.............................28 3.2.2 太陽能元件製作流程........................29 第四章　實驗結果分析與討論.......................35 4.1 鎳金沉積層退火氧化之特性探討.................35 4.1.1 Ni/Au退火氧化層之SEM圖....................35 4.1.2 Ni/Au退火氧化層之SKPM量測.................36 4.1.3 Ni/Au退火氧化層之四點探針量測..............38 4.1.4 Ni/Au退火氧化層之穿透率量測................39 4.2 鈣鈦礦主動層披覆形貌分析.....................40 4.3 Ni/Au作為透明金屬電極之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件....41 4.3.1 Ni/Au之Au厚度變化元件參數..................42 4.3.2 Ni/Au與PEDOT:PSS作為電洞傳輸層之比較.......44 4.3.3 Ni/Au之變化退火溫度元件參數................45 4.4 以ZnO作為電子傳輸層之鈣鈦礦太陽能元件..........48 4.4.1 PEDOT:PSS作為電洞傳輸層之元件探討...........48 4.4.2 加入C60作為plasma damage阻擋層.............49 4.4.3 Ni/Au透明導電層與ZnO電子傳輸層結合之元件探討..52 4.4.4 以TEM觀察退火後Ni/Au與sputter ZnO之薄膜.....53 第五章 結論與未來展望.............................91 5.1 結論.........................................91 5.2 未來展望.....................................92 參考文獻.........................................93

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