近年來隨著產業型態的改變，用水需求日益增高。在需求大於供給的情況下，為了更有效使用水資源，水資源管理相關研究也越來越重要。然而現今水資源管理研究，大多採取水庫管理觀點，以最小缺水量與最少缺水事件作為影響評估依據，缺乏以用水戶觀點對現行供水方式判斷滿意與否。本研究欲以同時探討多觀點方式了解不同供水機制與用水戶行為對供水系統的影響。
本研究採用行為者模式（Agent based model）模擬大台南地區供水系統。模式中將行為者分為政府、水庫及用水戶三類，其中依照不同供水標的，將用水戶分為民生、農業及工業三類，並增加環境流量用水考量。對用水戶賦予需水量、滿意度、供水水庫、個性…等屬性。從水庫每日供水進行模擬，用水戶在獲得供水後，依供水量增減滿意度，每半年、整年用水戶皆會因不同機制產生需水量改變。水庫每旬則會依所有用水戶滿意狀態進行環境供水比例調整。而每年末政府對各標的用水戶滿意狀態進行評估，判斷是否更改各水庫對各標的供水比例。
將供水政策、行為者個性、周遭影響方式、個性影響需水比例增減係數、環境流像係數等五項因子做為控制因子，探討不同變因對供水系統、行為者狀態之影響。並且使用水庫管理、滿意比、環境缺水率三種不同面相對供水系統狀態進行評估。
本研究希望以行為者模式對於行為者與環境互動之動態過程有良好的描述能力之特點，模擬大台南地區供水系統。利用探討不同狀況用水戶滿意狀態、供水系統及環境流量缺水狀態，提供未來水資源管理決策者在設計供水政策或是評估時參考。

With the development of society and economy, the problem of water resource allocation has increasingly presented itself in the futures of a complex system. Nowadays water resource management research mostly uses the perspective of “reservoir management”, with the view on fewer water deficits and water shortage events. Different viewpoints of the water supply should be discussed to understand the influence of water supply mechanisms and user behavior on the water supply system.
A simple agent based model of water resource allocation is proposed which reflects the intrinsic features of Tainan city’s water allocation system and all users’ behavior when they receive water resource. All users (agents) have their own individual “satisfaction level”, and all satisfaction levels form a “policy satisfaction ratio” which will determine system mechanisms. In this model, five control factors: water supply policies, agent characteristics, surrounding influences, influence coefficients and environment flow coefficients, are considered to set thirteen scenarios for the analysis. To evaluate the performance of different scenarios, supply and risk indicators, satisfaction ratios, and environmental flow deficit rations, are used for comparison. The results show that this agent based model can effectively simulate the dynamic interactions between agents and the environment. The model can provide the Tainan City’s water resource managers a way to evaluate different management policies and decisions when considering environmental flows in the future.

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