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研究生： 林欣瑜
Lin, Hsin-Yu
論文名稱： Cournot寡佔市場下技術移轉策略
The Strategies of Technology Transfer in Cournot Model
指導教授： 耿伯文
Kreng, Victor B.
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 管理學院 - 工業與資訊管理學系
Department of Industrial and Information Management
論文出版年： 2006
畢業學年度： 94
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 81
中文關鍵詞： Cournot 模式 、授權 、購併 、聯合研發 、技術移轉
外文關鍵詞： Licensing, Research Joint Venture, Mergers and Acquisitions, Cournot Model, Technology Transfer
相關次數： 點閱：141  下載：3 
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    • 過去有關技術移轉策略的文獻大多探討雙佔市場下，廠商進行數量競爭後比較授權策略。然而雙佔市場的模式過簡化現實中市場競爭的形態。故本研究建構一個寡佔市場，假設三家廠商生產同質性產品，將市場競爭形態分三種可能的情境：(1)三家廠商皆擁有相同技術水準；(2)二家廠商為技術領導廠商，而另一家為技術劣勢廠商；(3)僅有一家廠商為技術領導廠商，另外二家廠商為技術劣勢廠商。本研究在不同情境下，比較授權策略、購併策略和聯合研發策略，求解出Cournot-Nash 均衡，透過賽局理論的回溯法找出技術優勢廠商和劣勢廠商所會採行的策略。

    本研究結果顯示：(1)當三家廠商皆擁有相同技術水準時，三家廠商會以自身的技術進行數量競爭，此時市場達到均衡；(2)當二家廠商為技術領導廠商，而另一家為技術劣勢廠商時，技術領導廠商會以固定權利金授權予技術劣勢廠商，然而當廠商間技術程度差異愈少時，技術領導廠商愈傾向於採取購併策略；(3)當僅有一家廠商為技術領導廠商，另外二家廠商為技術劣勢廠商時，技術領導廠商會以單位權利金授權予二家技術劣勢廠商，然而當廠商間技術程度差異愈大時，技術劣勢廠商愈傾向於採取聯合研發策略來抵抗技術領導廠商的授權策略。此外本研究結果指出授權策略對未授權或是未被授權的廠商是一種威脅性的策略，將會造成未授權或是未被授權者的利潤降低。

    In the present day, technology will be a key factor for a company to be successful or unsuccessful. Technology transfer is a fast-growing corporate strategy while to buy a proven technology is often cheaper and more convenient than to develop a new technology.

    The existing literatures focus mostly on duopoly market, but it would too simple to describe the real world. The strategies of technology transfer are extensively used by enterprises, and they can be the strategic superiorities. The model of duopoly market can not present the overall situation of competition. Therefore this study tries to build a Cournot oligopoly model with three firms producing the same product in order to represent the competitive strategies of technology transfer clearly.

    This study are divided into three possible scenarios: (1) three firms have the same technological level, (2) two firms have innovative technology and one firm has inferior technology, and (3) one firm has innovative technology and the others two firms have inferior technology. The strategies of technology transfer would be different in each scenario. In scenario 2, superior firms can choose between licensing its innovative technology and merging the inferior firm; and in scenario 3, superior firm can license to only one firm or two firms, or the inferior firms can form a research joint venture to counter the superior firm’s strategic use of licensing. This study builds a more complete model of technology transfer in competitive market in order to be close to the real world.

    Abstract iv Acknowledgement vi Table of Contents vii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research Background 1 1.2 Research Motivations 2 1.3 Research Objectives and Contribution 2 1.4 Research Flow 3 Chapter 2 Literature Review 5 2.1 Technology 6 2.1.1 Definition of Technology 6 2.1.2 Technology as Commodity 7 2.2 Technology Transfer 8 2.2.1 Motive and Process of Technology Transfer 9 2.2.2 Types of Technology Transfer 10 2.3 Technology Licensing 12 2.3.1 Literature of Technology Licensing 13 2.3.2 Revenue Effect & Output Effect 15 2.4 Mergers and Acquisitions 16 2.5 Research Joint Ventures 17 Chapter 3 Technology Transfer in Three Firm Cournot Model 20 3.1 Problem Description & Model Assumption 20 3.1.1 Problem Description 20 3.1.2 Model Assumption 21 3.2 Research Framework 22 3.3 Methodology 24 3.4 Three Firms Have the Same Level of Technology 24 3.5 Two Firms Have Technology Advantage 25 3.5.1 The Strategy of Licensing 26 3.5.2 The Strategy of M&A 30 3.5.3 Optimal Strategies 31 3.6 Only one Firm Has Technology Advantage 34 3.6.1 Strategy of Fixed Fee 35 3.6.2 Strategy of Royalty 37 3.6.3 The Strategy of Research Joint Venture (RJV) 41 3.6.4 Optimal Strategy 41 3.7 Summary 47 Chapter 4 Experimental Analysis 49 4.1 Scenario 1 49 4.2 Scenario 2 50 4.3 Scenario 3 53 Chapter 5 Case Study 58 5.1 Compact Disc (CD) Industry 58 5.1.1 Philips Company 58 5.1.2 Philip’s Licensing Contract 59 5.1.3 Technology Receivers in CD Industry 62 5.1.4 Discussion 63 5.2 Networking Equipment Industry 66 5.2.1 Cisco Systems 66 5.2.2 Mergers &Acquisitions as Growth Strategy 67 5.2.3 Discussion 71 5.3 Personal Computer (PC) Industry 74 5.3.1 AIM Alliance 74 5.3.2 Process of Research Joint Venture 75 5.3.3 Discussion 76 Chapter 6 Conclusion and Suggestion 79 6.1 Conclusion 79 6.2 Suggestion 81 Appendix A 82 Appendix B 85 References 90

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