在攝影測量的研究領域中，利用共線條件式來建立物像點之間的關聯性以解算相機的絕對方位參數是一般常見的方法，但由於共線條件式是非線性方程式，而在解算絕對方位參數時，須事先針對欲解算的未知參數設定初始值，利用最小二乘法進行迭代求解。在解算過程中，初始值的設定是決定解算成果的重要關鍵，因此本研究提出利用共面條件式解算出相對方位參數，進而將此組參數值提供做為利用共線條件式解算絕對方位參數之初始值，成為求解相機絕對方位參數的一種策略。
本研究主要針對單一相機的移動估計進行探討，利用偵測及匹配影像特徵點之演算法自動化獲取連續影像重疊區中共軛像點的資訊，提供做為共面條件式的觀測量並解算相對方位參數，然而上述的共軛像點及相對方位參數可在更進一步提供做為共線條件式的觀測量以及未知參數的初始值，再利用已知條件推算的地面控制點的觀測量，即可進行相機絕對方位參數的嚴密求解。解算成果除了相機外方位參數之外，包含自動匹配出的共軛像點物空間座標值，使得共軛像點成為在連續影像中的新地面控制點，最後重複此流程即可求得相機的移動軌跡。本研究分別在室內及室外不同的場景下進行實驗，實驗結果顯示本研究提出的方位解算流程是有效且可行的。

Photogrammetry research generally uses the collinearity condition to establish relations between object and image points and calculate absolute orientation parameters. Given that the collinearity condition is a nonlinear system, appropriate initial values of unknown absolute orientation parameters must be set up first in the iterative least-squares solution. This research proposes using the coplanarity condition to solve relative orientation parameters as well as using these parameters as initial values to solve absolute orientation parameters based on the collinearity condition. The proposed method can provide a strategy for solving the absolute orientation parameters of a camera.
This research focuses on the motion estimation of a single camera. First, the algorithm of feature point detection is matched to automatically acquire conjugate image points between sequential images. Information on conjugate image points can provide observations to solve relative orientation parameters given the coplanarity condition. Second, results from the previous step can provide initial values and observations. The absolute orientation parameters of a camera can be solved through the iterative least-squares method with the aid of ground control points. Aside from the absolute orientation parameters of a camera, the object-space coordinates of conjugate image points can also be acquired. These conjugate image points can be used as new ground control points for subsequent image pairs. Finally, camera trajectory can be obtained by repeating the procedure. This research conducted experiments in indoor and outdoor environments, and the results proved that the proposed procedure is effective and feasible.

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