隨著智慧製造、電網監控與城市基礎設施等應用對即時資料整合的需求日增，物聯網閘道器已成為連結感測端與雲端服務的關鍵節點。閘道器必須同時維持毫秒級延遲、零中斷容錯，以及在裝置飛速進化時快速引入新功能的能力，傳統裸機或手工安裝的做法往往難以兼顧。本研究以 Docker 容器技術為基石，設計一套同構化閘道器架構，將訊息傳輸、工作排程與業務模組封裝於可版本鎖定的輕量映像，並藉由 Compose 編排實現一鍵部署、自動復原與可觀測性。為驗證其穩健性與可適應性，我們在樹莓派 5 與 x86 伺服器上建構測試環境，透過延遲、吞吐量與隊列排程三組實驗，展示容器化對高負載與封包遺失情境的適應能力。進一步以雙閘道 RFID 原型實作「一次建置，到處運行」的跨場域可行性，證明映像可於雲端、邊緣與終端裝置間無縫遷移。最後，針對未來工作，我們提出訊息多級優先權與模組獨立容器化兩項方向，期望進一步精細化服務品質並提升維運彈性。本研究提供了一套兼顧即時性與演進性的系統化解決方案，為大規模物聯網佈署奠定可落地的技術基礎。

The growing demand for real-time data integration in smart manufacturing, power-grid monitoring, and urban infrastructure has elevated the IoT gateway to a pivotal role between sensors and cloud services. A modern gateway must pair millisecond-class latency and zero-downtime fault tolerance with the agility to absorb new functionality as devices evolve. These are requirements that traditional bare-metal or manually installed stacks struggle to reconcile. Building on Docker, this work proposes homomorphic gateway architecture that wraps message transport, task scheduling, and application logic in lightweight, version-locked images orchestrated by Compose to enable one-click deployment, automated self-recovery, and deep observability. A test-bed spanning Raspberry Pi 5 and x86 servers evaluate latency, throughput, and queue scheduling, demonstrating the containerized stack’s resilience under high load and packet-loss conditions. A dual-gateway RFID prototype further validates the “build once, run anywhere” promise by showing seamless migration of the same image across cloud, edge, and endpoint devices. Looking forward, the work outlines two enhancement paths: multi-level message prioritization and fully decoupled module containers, to refine quality of service and operational flexibility. Collectively, the proposed approach offers a systematic solution that balances real-time performance with evolutionary readiness, laying a practical foundation for large-scale IoT deployments.

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