本研究探討高屏地區懸浮微粒特徵於不同天氣型態條件與氣象因子關聯性，以民國92-97年間案例為基準，蒐集環保署於高屏區域設立一般測站空氣品質資料(PM10與PM2.5逐時濃度)、天氣型態分類與大寮微粒成份濃度數據。以懸浮微粒事件日與非事件日為基礎，本研究針對高屏區域懸浮微粒污染季節(春季與冬季)分別挑選六個案例。為瞭解各案例不同天氣型態之區域氣流場效應對於高屏區域微粒濃度空間分布之影響，本研究使用MM5/Model-3-CMAQ模擬各案例於不同天氣型態之氣象流場與微粒濃度空間分布，解析造成高屏區域微粒事件之氣象因素。
解析微粒數據顯示，於東北季風天氣型態，事件日與非事件日微粒濃度主要差異為累積型粒徑(PM0.1~PM2.5) 濃度，差值達31.1μg/m3；事件日(東北季風)與事件日(高壓迴流) 微粒濃度差異也發生在累積型粒徑(PM0.1~PM2.5)，差值為3.8~4.8μg/m3。
一般測站空氣品質資料分析結果顯示，東北季風型態事件日或高壓迴流型態事件日之微粒濃度於高屏全域全面升高(PM10濃度相差41.7~56.0μg/m3；PM2.5濃度相差25.4~44.4μg/m3)，濃度分布圖顯示高屏內陸區域微粒濃度會隨之升高。
天氣型態分類與一般測站微粒濃度分析結果顯示，高屏區域較易發生事件日之天氣型態為東北季風(92-97年共發生1,442天懸浮微粒事件日)和高壓迴流天氣型態(92-97年共發生466天懸浮微粒事件日)；綜觀天氣為東北季風和高壓迴流，高屏區域發生懸浮微粒事件日機率會提高。
各天氣型態事件日與非事件日氣象特徵分析顯示，高屏區域非事件日之風速約比事件日之風速高0.2~0.8m/s。事件日溼度都高於非事件日，大約相差5-18%。風向分析結果顯示，兩種天氣型態主要風場為東北風以及北風，北高屏區域於事件日或非事件日，風場主要都受到綜觀天氣型態影響，皆為東北向，但越往南，風向會因受到地形影響使風場出現變化，中高屏與南高屏區域風向於事件日不再以東北向為主，而出現西北向及東向為主之風向。
微粒與氣象因子相關性分析結果顯示，東北季風型態事件日，北高屏與中高屏區域PM10濃度和PM2.5濃度與風速和相對溼度皆有較好相關性(r-風速= -0.41~-0.62；r-濕度=0.33~0.61)；高壓迴流型態事件日，北高屏PM10濃度和PM2.5濃度與風速和相對溼度皆有良好相關性(r-風速= 0.75~0.86；r-濕度=0.72~0.79)，中高屏與南高屏PM10濃度和PM2.5濃度則與相對溼度有較好相關性(r-濕度=0.69~0.79)
模式模擬案例結果顯示，兩種天氣型態微粒事件日之高屏區域流場皆有尾流現象發生，造成高屏全域使風速下降(由1.3~5.0m/s下降至1.3~1.7m/s)，由空間分布圖顯示，在氣流匯合處呈較高微粒濃度。

This study had been conducted to investigate the characteristics of airborne particulates in different synoptic patterns and study the relationship with meteorological parameters in southern Taiwan. The study cases had been collected from air quality station, synoptic pattern classification and pre-research sampling data. Six cases between 2003-2008 had been selected in this study.
The results showed that airborne particle size distribution in the Dalia station was a typical tri-modal distribution and the concentration of fine particle increased in episode case (northeast monsoon) by 31.1μg/m3.The air quality data showed that PM10 concentration increased by 41.7~56.0μg/m3 and PM2.5 concentration increased by 25.4~44.4μg/m3 in episode case.
Meteorological data showed that wind speed increased by 0.2~0.8m/s and relative humidity increased by 5~18% in episode case. Dominant wind direction in north KaoPing air basin was northern-east both in episode and non-episode events and would be northern-west and east in central and southern KaoPing area, respectively.
In the episode event (northeast monsoon), PM10 /PM2.5 concentration had the moderate correlation with wind speed and relative humidity in northern KaoPing (r-wind speed = -0.41~-0.62；r-relative = 0.33~0.61). In the episode(High pressure reflux) event, PM10 /PM2.5 concentration had the moderate correlation with wind speed and relative humidity in north KaoPing(r-wind speed = 0.75~0.86；r-relative =0.72~0.79). PM10/PM2.5 concentration had moderate correlation with relative humidity in central and southern KaoPing area.
The results of MM5/Model-3-CMAQ model simulation indicated the presence of wake condition in episode event which caused the wind speed descending from 1.3~5.0 to 1.3~1.7m/s. When air mass accumulated in central KaoPing and coastal area, the particle concentration increased obviously.

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