中 文 摘 要
　　本文係對不規則波越波時防波堤之越波量、反射率及波壓加以研究。本文模式主要是利用Goda(1971)在考慮波高出現機率下，以越波量期望值 來表示不規則波越波量，在模式中的規則波越波量，本文由黃＆張(2001)混成堤規則波越波量及反射率計算模式求得，而在波高分佈方面，本文採用Goda(1975)之截端Rayleigh分佈。不規則波波壓方面，本文將Sainflou及Goda規則波波壓公式仿照黃＆張(2001)的波壓加以修正，將部份重複波振幅值來代替Sainflou及Goda波壓公式中之完全重複波振幅值，將此規則波波壓公式延伸至不規則波波壓。本文同時進行不同拋石護基高度防波堤不規則波越波量、反射率及波壓實驗，將實驗結果與本文計算模式相比較，來探討不規則波越波時防波堤之越波量、反射率及波壓與堤頂高、拋石護基高及波浪特性之關係。
　　研究結果顯示，本文防波堤不規則波計算模式，所計算得之越波量及反射率期望值與實驗值相符。越波量隨拋石護基高度之增加而增加，反射率則反之，當堤頂高度較小時，上述現象較明顯。越波時防波堤靜水面處波壓統計值隨堤頂高度減小而變小，隨拋石護基高度增加而增加，而所受波壓力統計值隨堤頂高度減小而變小，隨拋石護基高度增加而稍微減少，這顯示防波堤前產生不規則重複越波時對防波堤面上波壓力之影響不顯著。本文Goda波壓修正公式應用於不規則波越波時防波堤之波壓力計算結果較原Goda波壓公式能符合實驗值，原Goda波壓公式會高估實測全壓力，此高估現象隨堤頂高度減小與入射波高之增大而愈明顯。 最後本文提出能適用於不規則波防波堤計算越波量、反射率及相位差期望值之迴歸公式，以供實際設計使用。

ABSTRACT
　　The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of irregular wave overtopping on pressure and overtopping rate of breakwaters and reflection coefficient. We adopted the model which Goda considered the wave height probability , and he used the expected wave overtopping rate to present the wave overtopping rate on irregular wave, and calculated the regular wave overtopping from the Hwang ＆ Chang’s (2001) model. About the distribution of wave height , we adopted the cut-off Rayleigh distribution that Goda presented in 1975. In irregular wave pressure, we copied the Hwang ＆Chang’s (2001) model to modify the Sainflou and Goda’s regular wave pressure formula, and used the clapotis wave amplitude to replace the Sainflou and Goda’s clapotis wave amplitude . We also carried out the irregular wave overtopping experiments of breakwaters with different rubble-mound heights. Then we compared the experimental results with the calculated results to discuss the relationship between the crown height and the rubble-mound height of breakwaters and overtopping rate, reflection coefficient and wave pressure.
　　The results showed that the calculated results of overtopping rate and reflection coefficient and the wave crest height in wave overtopping of the present model are conformable to the experimental results. The overtopping rate would increase when the rubble-mound height increased or the crest height decreased but the reflection coefficient would just be counter. The wave pressure in the surface would decrease when the rubble-mound height increase but the wave pressure force was counter. It showed that it’s not obvious to the pressure force when the irregular wave occurred to overtop .The modified Goda’s to calculate the wave pressure force formula was better than Goda’s formula. Finally we presented the experimental formula that people could use more efficiently.

參 考 文 獻
1. Abramowitz, M. and Stegun, I.A., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, Dover Publications, New York, N.Y., 1046pp, 1972.
2. Battjes, J. A., "Surf similarity", Proc. 14th Coastal Eng. Conf., pp.466-480, 1974.
3. Franco, L., de Gerloni, M. and van der Meer, J.W., "Wave overtopping on vertical and composite breakwaters", Coastal Eng., pp.1030-1045, 1994.
4. Goda, Y : "Expect rate of irregularwave overtopping of seawalls ".Coastal Eng. in Japan, Vol.14, pp.43-51,1971
5. Goda, Y., Fukumori, T, "Laboratory Investigation of Wave Pressure Exerted upon Vertical and Composite Walls", Report of the Port and Harbour Research Institute., Vol. 11, No.2, pp.3-45,1972.
6. Goda, Y., "Irregular wave deformation in the surf zone", Coastal Engineering in Japan, JSCE , Vol.13, pp.13~26, 1975
7. Goda, Y., "Random Seas and Deaign of Maritime Structures", Tokyo University Press, 1985.
8. Isobe, M., "Calculation and application of first-order cnoidal wave theory", Coastal Eng., Vol.9, pp.309-325, 1985.
9. Iwagaki, Y., Shima, A. and Inoue, M., "Effects of wave height and sea water level on wave overtopping and wave run-up", Coastal Eng. in Japan, Vol.8, pp.141-151, 1965.
10. Kikkwa, H., Shiigia, H. and Kono, T., "Fundamental study of wave overtopping on levees", Coastal Eng. in Japan, Vol.11, pp.107-115, 1968.
11. Miche, R., "Le pouroir reflechissant des ouvrages maritimes exposes a laction de la houle", Ann. Des Ponts et chaussees. 121e Annee, pp.285-319, 1951.
12. Mizuguchi, M., "Wave overtopping rate over a vertical wall and reflection coefficient", Coastal Eng. in Japan, Vol.36, pp.37-47, 1993.
13. Mogens Hebsgaard , Peter Sloth and Jorgen Juhl , "Wave overtopping of rubble mond breakwaters" , Coastal Eng ,pp.2235-2248 , 1998.
14. Moriya, Y. and Mizuguchi, M., "Wave overtopping rate and reflection coefficient for obliquely incident waves", Coastal Eng., pp.2598-2611, 1996.
15. Nagai, F., "Pressures of standing waves on vertical wall", J. Waterways & Harbors Div. ASCE, WW1, pp.53-76, 1969.
16. Rundgren, L., Water Wave Force, Stockholm, 121pp, 1958.
17. Sainflou, G., "Essai sur les diques maritimes verticales", Ann. Ponts et Chauss., Paris, France, Vol.98, No.4, pp.5-48, 1928.
18. Seelig, W. N. and Ahrens, J. P., "Estimation of wave reflection and energy dissipation coefficients for beachs, revetments and breakwater", TP81-1, CERC, U.S., Feb. 1981.
19. Shore Protection Manual, U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center, Volume I, 1984.
20. Takada, A., "On relations among wave run-up, overtopping and reflection", Proc. Japan Soc. Civil Eng., No. 182, pp.19-30, 1970.
21. Umeyama, M., "Wave overtopping on vertical boundary and water-surface displacement", J. WatWay, Port, Coastal & Ocean Eng., 119(3), pp.243-260, 1993.
22. 合田良實, 竹田英章, "不規則波に對する護岸の期待越波流量について", 海岸工學講演會論文集, 第15卷, pp.259-265, 1968.
23. 土屋義人, 山口正隆, "越波のめる場合の重複波特性について", 海岸工學講演會論文集, 第17卷, pp.79-84, 1970.
24. 水口 優, "淺海域における入、反射波分の離手法について", 海岸工學講演會論文集, 第38卷, pp.31-35, 1991.
25. 橫山 健, 水口 優, "鉛直壁における越波量と反射率について", 海岸工學講演會論文集, 第40卷, pp.676-680, 1993.
26. 田中浩生, 水口 優, "不規則による波越波", 海岸工學講演會論文集, 第42卷, pp.796-800, 1995.
27. 郭金棟, 黃正欣,高家俊, "興達液化天然氣港防波堤規則波斷面模型試驗", 國立成功大學水利及海洋工程研究所研究試驗報告, 1985.
28. 郭金棟, 海岸工程, 中國土木水利工程學會出版, 1988.
29. 湯麟武, 徐忠猷, 黃正欣, 港灣及海域工程, 中國土木水利工程學會出版, 1989.
30. 黃正欣, "堤面上不規則波波壓及其機率分佈模式之研究", 國立成功大學土木工程研究所博士論文, 1990.
31. 黃正欣, 謝景崎, "斜向入反射波分離法之研究", 第十六屆海洋工程研討會論文集, part. B, pp.268-287, 1994.
32. 蔡清標, 葉博宏, "越波對防波堤波壓力之影響", 第十八屆海洋工程研討會論文集, pp.207-213, 1996.
33. 黃正欣, 林建宏, "最佳入反射波分離法及堤面反射率之研究", 第二十屆海洋工程研討會論文集, pp.157-164, 1998.
34. 陳明陀, "越波時直立堤之反射率、波壓及越波量之研究", 國立成功大學水利及海洋工程研究所碩士論文, 1999.
35. 黃正欣, 林國欽, "越波時直立堤之越波量、反射率及波壓之研究", 第二十二屆海洋工程研討會論文集, pp.249-256, 2000.
36. 黃正欣, 張豪洲, "越波時混成堤之越波量、反射率及波壓之研究",第二十三屆海洋工程研討會論文集, pp.288-295, 2001.
37. 黃正欣, 徐國城, "越波對防波堤上不規則波波壓之影響",國立成功大學水利及海洋工程研究所碩士論文, 2003.