人類近年來於養殖的技術研發有著顯著的成果，但由於台灣農漁養殖土地有限，大部分的經濟動物都在高密度飼養的生活環境成長，而這樣的飼養環境已儼然成為病菌傳播的溫床。為預防大規模的疾病傳染，抗生素被廣泛利用於現今的農漁養殖，作法為飼料中添加低劑量的抗生素，達到預防大部分作用於經濟動物的疾病，而使之順利生長。氧四環素(oxytetracycline, OTC)在台灣為食品藥物管理署允許使用於蝦子的飼養，抗生素近年來逐漸成為潛在危害環境衛生汙染源之一，其所帶來的細菌抗藥性問題亦頗受重視，而在餌料中添加之抗生素，可能使得蝦池中及底泥中均殘存抗生素，亦使得這些物質殘留於蝦肉與內臟中。本研究之研究重點為研究OTC於各個不同的介質(蝦池水、蝦池底泥、蝦肉、蝦內臟與餌料)之鑑定與監測，OTC於蝦池與蝦體的殘留濃度低不易分析，本研究以串聯式液相層析質譜儀(LC-MS/MS)以及高效能液相層析儀配備紫外光與螢光檢測器(HPLC-UV/FLD)檢測抗生素，並配合前處理程序，建立樣品(底泥樣品及蝦子樣品)萃取程序，以探討OTC於蝦池中之殘留與分佈。
在UV、FLD及MS/MS三種偵測器的比較結果中發現，蝦的內臟及餌料於UV與FLD檢測均顯示類似於OTC的訊號，會顯著高估OTC於蝦體及餌料中的濃度，MS/MS檢測選擇性高，不易誤判訊號，為目前較佳之定量方法。以LC/MS/MS定量所得之數據顯示，OTC廣泛殘留於蝦池底泥(60.46±49.79 µg/kg)、市售蝦之肌肉(32.79±33.30 µg/kg)與內臟(142.21±97.37µg/kg)以及餌料(186.36±66.67 µg/kg)中，以蝦內臟與餌料之殘留最多。研究也發現，OTC之殘留與養殖池面積相關，OTC在底泥及蝦的內臟中，其濃度著池子體積越來越小而濃度越來越高，另外而OTC殘留在蝦子的肌肉與內臟中也有顯著正相關性。

As the world population expands, the food problem becomes increasingly severe. With intensive animal production, bacterial and parasitic diseases became more and more frequent. Antibiotics in veterinary pharmaceuticals are widely used in agriculture and livestock to treat disease and trauma, and used as additive feeding to promote the meat growth. Oxytetracycline (OTC) is widely used and is one of the two antibiotics allowed to apply on shrimp farming in Taiwan. The residual OTC from shrimp farming could be a potential source of antibiotic pollution. Therefore, the objective of this study is to understand the residual OTC in the shrimp farming and shrimp body. The OTC concentration of shrimp tissues (including muscle and viscera) were examined. The relationship of OTC in shrimp pond water, pond sediment and shrimp feed were studied to provide a reference data for food safety and environmental hygiene in Taiwan.
The method for extracting and quantifying OTC in different matrix was developed in this study. A high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors (HPLC-UV-FLD) and a liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used to detect OTC in the extracts. As we compared the responses from three detectors including UV, FLD and MS/MS, it was observed that UV and FLD always give higher quantitative results. Quantification by UV and FLD will overestimate the OTC residue especially in shrimp tissues and shrimp feed. Overall, the analytical results suggested quantifying OTC by MS/MS was more reliable than UV and FLD. The concentration of residual OTC quantified by MS/MS were 3.81±1.12 µg/L in pond water, 60.46±49.79µg/kg in pond sediment, 32.79±33.30 µg/kg in shrimp muscle of market, 142.21±97.37 µg/kg in shrimp viscera of market, and186.36±66.67 µg/kg in shrimp feeds. OTC residue in shrimp viscera was found several times higher than that in shrimp muscle. Positive correction could be observed between OTC residue in shrimp muscle and viscera. In addition, positive correlation between OTC in pond sediment and shrimp tissues was found, implying the OTC level in the pond sediment might be an indicator for the early diagnosis of OTC residual problem in shrimp tissues. The pond size may affect OTC residue in shrimp pond and shrimp body. Higher OTC concentration in pond sediment and shrimp viscera was observed when the size of shrimp pond was small.

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