建築物遭受強震作用後，常有大小不等的損壞情況，若要有效地對損壞程度與位置進行判別，可對建築物進行系統識別。建築物的動態特性中，以基本振動週期的識別精度最佳，但此參數僅能反應出損壞程度，無法有效反應出損壞的位置。若需判別損壞程度與位置，則對樓層柱撓曲剛度進行識別最為可行。本研究以時域的非線性迴歸分析方法識別樓層柱撓曲剛度，並著重於時變系統的探討。在完全量測且雜訊介入的情況下，梁撓曲剛度的識別值隨著樓層的上移，精度下降，柱撓曲剛度亦同。樓層柱撓曲剛度於強動階段能夠反應出時變歷程的特性，依此便能有效地判別建築物的損壞程度與損壞位置。

Buildings could be damaged, more or less, due to story earthquake. In order for effectively evaluating the level and location of damage, a system identification technique would be applied to the buildings with measured data. The identification accurately of the fundamental vibration period is the best among all the dynamic parameters of a structural system. However, such an identified value is valid only in judging the level of damage, but is independent of the location of damage. It is necessary to identify the story flexural rigidity of columns for judging both the level and the location of damage. A nonlinear regression analysis in time domain is performed in this story to identify the story flexural rigidity of beams and columns in non-shear buildings with time-varying characteristics. It is shown that the identified results are almost identical to the exact ones for the cases of complete measurement without noises, in spite of where and how the damage is assumed. For the cases of complete measurement with noises, the identified values of the flexural rigidity of columns in the upper floors are deviated from the exact ones. However, the relative variations of the story flexural rigidity of columns identified in several separate time windows are so matched to the pre-assumed time-varying behaviors that it is good enough to distinguish the damaged floors and to evaluate the level of damage.

[1]McVerry, G.H., “Structural Identification in the Frequency Domain from Earthquake Records”, Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol. 8, pp.166-180, 1980.

[2]Li, Y. and Mau, S.T., “A Case Study of MIMO System Identification Applied to Building Seismic Record”, Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol. 20, pp.1045-1064, 1991.

[3]Caravani, P., Watson, M.L., and Thomson, W.T., “Recursive Least Square Time Domain Identification of Structural Parameters”, Journal of Applied Mechanics, ASME, Vol. 44, pp. 135-140, 1977.

[4]柯宏明，「建築物系統識別與損壞評估之研究」，國立成功大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，台南，2004。

[5]黃李暉，「建築物樓層勁度識別與損壞評估之研究」，國立成功大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，台南，2006。

[6]黃盈樺，「受震結構之參數系統識別」，國立成功大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，台南，1996。

[7]顏士閔，「依識別模態參數之建築結構層間損壞指標」，國立中興大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，台中，2004。

[8]王傑兒，「依地震紀錄之線上時變結構系統識別」，國立中興大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，台中，2004。

[9]許茂雄、廖文義、杜怡萱、許士昱、「三分之ㄧ縮尺二層樓RC校舍模型振動台試驗」，國家地震工程研究中心報告編號：NCREE-02-001，台北，2002。

[10]Chopra, Anil K., Dynamics of Structures: Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering, Prentice-Hall, Inc. U.S.A., pp. 167-171, 2000.

[11]楊淳皓，「扭轉耦合建築結構受震層間損壞指標」，國立中興大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，台中，2006。

[12]方旋宇，「微動與強動識別結果之統計分析」，國立成功大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，台南，2000。

[13]Allemang, R.J. and Brown, D.L., “A Correlation Coefficient for Modal Vector Analysis”, First International Modal Analysis Conference, Orlando, Florida, pp. 110-116, 1982.

[14]Beck, J.L., “System Identification Applied to Strong Motion Records from Structures.” Earthquake Ground Motion and its Effects on Structures, S.K. Datta, ed., American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, pp. 109-134, 1982.

[15]Ljung, L., System Identification: Theory for the User, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J., USA, 1987.