目的: 以Ainsworth的陌生情境測量探討母親的單純憂鬱症(憂鬱組)、單純焦慮症(焦慮組)及具有焦慮症與憂鬱症(混合組)婦女與其14個月幼兒間之親子依附型態之分佈差異。
方法:針對國科會研究計畫「產後憂鬱症之前因與後果」研究所搜集210對媽媽-嬰幼兒的陌生情境錄影帶，依據Ainsworth的依附計分和分類及Main和Solomon的解組型計分準則(Disorganized/ Disoriented classification scheme)評估其依附品質和型態。將所有媽媽經SADS-L確立診斷後分為憂鬱組、焦慮組、混合組及正常組四組，並以χ2 檢驗四組媽媽與其幼兒在依附型態上分佈的差異。
結果:1.我國十四個月幼兒一般正常樣本依附型態比例分佈為18位(24.7%)逃避型、43位(58.9%)安全型、8位(11%)阻抗型及4位(5.5%)解組型。2. 母親終生診斷四組在依附品質(安全型和不安全型)上達顯著差異；正常組在安全依附上顯著高於憂鬱組和混合組，而疾病組之間安全型依附品質未達顯著差異。3.母親終生診斷四組在依附型態(安全型、阻抗型、逃避型及解組型)上，僅混合組與正常組之間達顯著差異;混合組有較高的阻抗型和解組型依附。
討論:1.在幼兒依附型態分佈結果相似於蘇建文(民90)的研究結果，安全型依附最多，其次為逃避型和阻抗型；而本研究增加解組型依附分類後更清楚的分出我國依附類型的分佈且符合Van Ijzendroon(1999)所提出的標準分配。此外，在對Ainsworth的計分方式進行統計分析後再度驗證蘇建文(民90)研究結果顯示「陌生情境測量」在我國具有適用性。2本研究考慮了憂鬱和焦慮共病的可能，發現母親的單純憂鬱症和混合焦慮之憂鬱症會比正常組有較多的不安全親子依附。在母親的單純焦慮症上，未有比正常組較多的不安全型依附，但當焦慮與憂鬱共病時則明顯有較多不安全依附的形成，尤其是較高的阻抗型和解組型依附。所以，當母親有焦慮和憂鬱共病時會增加其不安全依附形成的可能，值得我們關心和預防，且在未來宜進一步追蹤這些幼兒未來的發展，並探討母親憂鬱與焦慮影響其發展之機制。

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