農地破碎化通是農業生產環境的重要議題。我國農地面積逐年減少，可能加劇農地的破碎、穿孔和切割現象，對農業生產環境造成負面影響。然而，關於「農地破碎化」的標準定義，我國農業部門在審查過程中亦缺乏具體、專業且客觀的審查機制與標準。國外學者指出，農地破碎化政策通常由較高層級（如社區、區域、國家及全球）制定，但破碎化現象多數出現在較低空間層級（如地塊與農場）。破碎化的類型可在不同空間尺度中共存，因此需全面理解破碎化的成因、影響及其在不同空間層次下的特性。
為維護整體農業生產環境並有效解決農地破碎化問題，本研究以台南市為研究區域，探討當地農地破碎化的空間特徵及相關認知分析。研究方法包含耕地占比、Simpson Index、Januszewski Index及平均形狀指數計算，進行程度分析及集群分析。後再以半結構式訪談理解政策制定者與實質耕作者對於破碎化與農業經營影響看法。
實證分析結果顯示，四項指標皆顯示台南市各村里農地利用呈顯著空間變異。耕地占比的 Morans’ I 值逐年下降，表明耕地利用由原先較集聚轉為較隨機分布，呈現更高的不均質性，反映都市發展、農地變更及政策調整之影響。Simpson Index 雖統計顯著，但絕對值偏低，顯示各村里耕地破碎化程度差異大，未形成同質性聚集。Januszewski Index 與平均形狀指數亦呈現統計顯著，但數值皆偏低，意味各村里農地面積變異性及形狀規則性並未趨於一致，整體呈空間不均質。另外破碎化集群分布分為兩大集群：一是集群耕地占比與地塊大小破碎度均較高；二則耕地占比較低且破碎度較低，兩者於各行政區村里間呈異質性分布。根據以上研究結果，空間破碎程度及破碎分群特性於各村里間均呈現不均質分布，未來制定土地管理與農地破碎化政策時，應兼顧村里及地塊等低層級差異，採取針對性措施，以有效推動農地整合與永續利用。我國認為地塊大小才是主要因素，另外實際耕作者受到「產權-共同使用權」及「物理-地塊大小與分散性」的影響，導致難以擴大經營規模、提升生產效率，並增加生產成本。為有效解決產權分配導致地塊過小及分散，應積極推動土地整併，透過「使用權」整合相鄰農地。建議建立租賃平台促進農地流轉，盤點閒置農地，以提升農業經營效益。

In our country, the farmland area has been decreasing annually, exacerbating fragmentation, perforation, and division, which negatively impact production. However, the agricultural sector lacks specific, professional, and objective standards for defining "farmland fragmentation." Foreign scholars suggest that fragmentation policies are usually formulated at higher levels (community, regional, national, global), while fragmentation mainly occurs at lower levels (plots, farms). Since different fragmentation types may coexist across spatial scales, it is essential to understand its causes, impacts, and characteristics comprehensively.
To maintain the overall agricultural production environment and effectively address farmland fragmentation, this study focuses on Tainan City to analyze the spatial characteristics of farmland fragmentation and related perceptions. The research methods include calculating farmland proportion, Simpson Index, Januszewski Index, and average shape index to assess fragmentation levels and conduct cluster analysis. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted to understand policymakers' and farmers' perspectives on farmland fragmentation and its impact on agricultural operations.
The results show significant spatial variations in farmland fragmentation across Tainan’s villages. The Moran’s I value for farmland proportion has declined annually, shifting from a clustered to a random distribution. Although the Simpson and Januszewski Indexes are statistically significant, their low values reflect inconsistencies in farmland size and shape, leading to spatial heterogeneity. Fragmentation clusters are divided into two types: one with high farmland proportion and fragmentation, and another with both lower farmland proportion and fragmentation. Future farmland management policies should address lower spatial-level differences to achieve effective integration and sustainable use. Farmland size is the key factor influencing fragmentation. Farmers face constraints from "ownership–co-usage rights" and "parcel size and dispersion," hindering expansion, efficiency, and cost reduction. Policies should promote land consolidation, integrate adjacent farmland through "usage rights," establish leasing platforms, and allocate idle farmland to willing farmers.

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