瀝青混凝土是目前公路系統最常用的鋪面材料，砂石資源的短缺造成主要粒料（primary aggregate）嚴重匱乏，國內公路工程界對使用二次粒料（Secondary aggregate）存有強烈需求，二次粒料以回收料和底碴為大宗項目，二次粒料與傳統粒料具類似性質，若能回收再利用，不僅可以減少廢棄物掩埋的問題，也可以保護環境、創造優質生活空間。
在底碴方面，熟化時間對底碴物理性質沒有明確影響，但鈣元素與氯離子含量會隨著熟化時間增加而降低；此外，觀察熟化前後底碴表面結構變化，可發現底碴經過熟化後，經水化、碳酸作用及氧化作用後，水化物能提高骨材介面鍵結強度、提昇耐久性，因此有助於提升底碴的穩定性。底碴瀝青混凝土試驗顯示底碴添加含量在45%以下時，瀝青混凝土工程性質隨添加比例增加而下降，唯有殘餘強度隨熟化時間增加而相對提高。毒性特性溶出試驗顯示重金屬溶出符合規範標準，對環境安全性不會造成危害。
在回收料部分，分別加熱200℃與250℃，經過30、60和90分鐘後，瀝青混凝土成效試驗不如一般再生瀝青混凝土，此時回收料即稱為過度預熱。當回收料過度預熱時，會導致回收料瀝青嚴重老化，甚至碳化、剝落，無法再提供黏結力。因此添加過度預熱回收料之再生瀝青混凝土將隨添加比例越高、老化情況越嚴重，工程性質也將越差，建議應避免使用過度預熱回收料。
添加未預熱回收料和過短的拌合時間將使試體無法達到足夠的溫度均勻性。回收料未預熱時，建議含水量不宜超過2%，以免影響拌合料的平均溫度。當新鮮料加熱180℃，未預熱回收料含量過高或拌合時間不足時，再生瀝青混凝土抗水侵害能力將明顯下降，因此未預熱回收料建議添加量為40%以內。

With a greater usage in hot-mix asphalt for roadway pavements, the lack of resources of primary aggregate (or virgin aggregate) has become a critical issue. Thus, it’s a great urgency to find a substitute aggregate. Secondary aggregate (or waste aggregate), such as reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and municipal solid waste bottom ash (MSWBA), is material that has been used previously and recycled or recovered. Therefore, it’s necessary to determine the feasibility of using these materials. An evaluation in this paper was conducted to investigate the performance of asphalt mixture incorporating secondary aggregate.
For MSWBA, the results showed that bottom ash is a light-weight, porous, and absorptive material, and the concentration of Ca and Cl decrease with increasing aging of bottom ash. There was an increase of about 0.79% in design asphalt content for each 10% increment in MSWBA. If the percentage of bottom ash introduced into an asphalt mixture remains less than 45%, the performance of asphalt mixtures could increase with increasing aging of bottom ash, but decrease with increasing percentage of bottom ash utilized. As for the environmental safety of the use of bottom ash, the TCLP dada indicated that the concentrations of the heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb) satisfied all the requirements of the Environmental Protection Administration for bottom ash assessment.
For RAP, after heating on 200℃ and 250℃ by 30, 60 and 90 minutes, the viscosity of aged asphalt extracted by reclaimed asphalt pavement acutely increased. Of all experiments, coke could found when RAP heated on 250℃ and 90 minutes. When the performance of asphalt mixture containing RAP would not perform as well as recycled asphalt concrete (RAC), these RAP were called overheated RAP. Data indicated that overheated RAP should avoid to be reused in asphalt mixtures.
On the other hand, non-preheated RAP also used to investigate the feasibility added in asphalt mixture. Results showed that increasing percentage of non-preheated RAP and shortage of mixing time would reduce the temperature uniformity of asphalt concrete. When virgin aggregate was preheated with 180℃, the moisture content of non-preheated RAP should not exceed the limitation of 2%. Finally, results indicated that limitation of using of non-preheated RAP could be restricted by 40%.

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