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研究生: 林俊江
Lin, Chun-Chiang
論文名稱: 逆向物流下單期產品之裁量式延遲策略最適訂購量
Optimal Order Quantities Model for Single Period Products of Tailored Postponement Strategy under Reverse Logistics
指導教授: 張秀雲
Chang, Shiow-Yun
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 工業與資訊管理學系
Department of Industrial and Information Management
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 66
中文關鍵詞: 最適訂購量逆向物流裁量式延遲策略單期問題
外文關鍵詞: Reverse logistics, Single period problem, Tailored postponement strategy, Optimal order quantities
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  • 『裁量式延遲策略』(Tailored Postponement Strategy)主要是預測生產(Build-to-Forecast, BTF)與延遲化策略(Postponement Strategy)兩者配合之下的新型態生產策略,研究中所探討的對象,主要是採取裁量式延遲策略,並銷售多樣化單期產品且擁有具效率的逆向物流體系之廠商為主。擁有具效率的逆向物流體系,主要是方便廠商能在銷售期間內,快速取回退回的產品並給予再處理,使其得以重新的銷售回原市場。研究中將以Tibben-Lemble與Bassok(2005)所提出之裁量式延遲策略模式作為延伸基準,進而建置逆向物流下單期產品之裁量式延遲策略最適訂購模式,並針對當需求為均等與常態分配時,提出最適訂購量的求解方法。
    透過研究中所提出的性質,能讓廠商判斷在逆向物流的環境下,裁量式延遲策略對自已的適用性。而敏感度分析方面,本研究突顯出考量退回率於訂購策略的重要性,並且以考量退回率於訂購策略為前提,將裁量式延遲策略對最終產品報童解的期望利潤改善程度作為觀察值,探討不同的需求變異程度與退回率對此觀察值的影響,結果發現,當需求的變異程度愈高或退回率愈高,裁量式延遲策略對最終產品報童解的期望利潤改善程度愈高,當需求的變異程度愈低或退回率愈低,則此改善程度則愈低。

    Tailored Postponement Strategy is a new type production strategy, which is composed of Build-to-Forecast and Postponement Strategy. This study aims at the firms which use Tailored Postponement Strategy to sell diverse products in a single period, and through efficient Reverse Logistic System to promptly take back and rehandle returns from customers in the selling period. Through rehandling, the returning products could be sold as new products to market. Facing the fact of product return, it is important for firms to consider return rate when deciding order strategy. The purpose of this research is to establish a model to solve optimal order quantities for single period products of Tailored Postponement Strategy under Reverse Logistics. The model is extended from Tibben-Lemble and Bassok’s Tailored Postponement Strategy model. Our study presents different methods to solve problems with uniform demand and normal demand.
    From propositions of the model, firms can judge its applicability of Tailored Postponement Strategy under Reverse Logistics. Sensitivity Analysis manifests the importance of considering return rate in the decision of optimal order quantities in this study. This research discovers that when return rate and the variation of demand increases; expected profit of all order strategies will decrease and the improvement for expect profit of Tailored Postponement Strategy to Newsboy Solution will increases.

    摘要 -------------------------------------------------------------------I Abstract -------------------------------------------------------------------II 致謝 -------------------------------------------------------------------III 目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------IV 表目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------VI 圖目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------VII 第一章 緒論-----------------------------------------------------------------1 1.1 研究背景及動機----------------------------------------------------------1 1.2 研究範圍限制與目的------------------------------------------------------2 1.3 研究流程與論文架構------------------------------------------------------3 第二章 文獻回顧-------------------------------------------------------------4 2.1 逆向物流----------------------------------------------------------------4 2.1.1 逆向物流之定義--------------------------------------------------------4 2.1.2 逆向物流之處理架構----------------------------------------------------6 2.1.3 逆向物流之單期存貨模式------------------------------------------------9 2.1.4 迴圈式供應鏈之運作架構-----------------------------------------------10 2.2 延遲策略---------------------------------------------------------------11 2.2.1 延遲策略之定義與發展-------------------------------------------------11 2.2.2 延遲策略之分類-------------------------------------------------------12 2.2.3 延遲策略之數學規劃模式-----------------------------------------------15 2.2.4 裁量式延遲策略之數學規劃模式-----------------------------------------17 2.3 小結-------------------------------------------------------------------18 第三章 模式建立------------------------------------------------------------19 3.1 問題描述---------------------------------------------------------------19 3.1.1 問題描述-以產品銷售期間為觀點---------------------------------------19 3.1.2 問題描述-多產品角度為觀點-------------------------------------------21 3.1.3 假設-----------------------------------------------------------------23 3.1.4 符號說明-------------------------------------------------------------24 3.2 模式建構---------------------------------------------------------------25 3.3 模式特性分析-----------------------------------------------------------29 3.4 小結-------------------------------------------------------------------33 第四章 模式求解與分析------------------------------------------------------34 4.1 模式求解 --------------------------------------------------------------34 4.1.1 需求為均等分配之求解步驟---------------------------------------------34 4.1.2 需求為常態分配之求解步驟---------------------------------------------38 4.2 數值分析---------------------------------------------------------------40 4.3 敏感度分析-------------------------------------------------------------41 4.3.1 探討固定的需求變異程度與不同的退回率---------------------------------41 4.3.2 探討不同的需求變異程度與退回率---------------------------------------47 第五章 結論與未來研究方向-------------------------------------------------49 5.1 結論-------------------------------------------------------------------49 5.2 未來研究方向-----------------------------------------------------------50 參考文獻-------------------------------------------------------------------51 附錄A 對新利潤方程式之Y0偏微分後的結果------------------------------------55 附錄B 對新利潤方程式之Yi( i=1,...,N )偏微分後的結果-----------------------56 附錄C 三產品求解-均等分配------------------------------------------------57 附錄D Hessian 矩陣--------------------------------------------------------63 附錄E 不同需求變異程度與退回率對策略4與策略2的影響------------------------64 自述-----------------------------------------------------------------------66

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