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研究生: 張庭維
Chang, Ting-wei
論文名稱: 應用FPGA晶片及PWM實現MPPT太陽能發電系統之設計與研製
Development of a MPPT Solar Energy System Using FPGA Chip and PWM Module
指導教授: 趙儒民
Chao, Ru-Min
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 系統及船舶機電工程學系
Department of Systems and Naval Mechatronic Engineering
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 92
中文關鍵詞: FPGA晶片降壓電路功率開關
外文關鍵詞: FPGA chip, Buck DC/DC Converter, Power switch
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  • 減少環境污染與使用潔淨能源為政府當前之重要施政方針。國科會海工學門亦在先進節能船舶技術中,明訂太陽能等綠色能源的利用為研究重點。本研究之目的在改善現有太陽光電池之最大功率追縱控制設計,發展出單變數電流法,以改善傳統擾動法之缺點,並求提高太陽能電力使用之功率。研究中使用國家儀器公司之Compact RIO模組,此模組運用LabView 程式燒入FPGA晶片,使得開發之運算法得以達到穩定、高效率的整合型系統;並與自行製作降壓電路;以調整功率開關導通時間進而控制輸出,以達到最大功率要求;且由模擬與實測結果以驗證本文所提系統之可行性。

    Reduction of environmental pollution and the use of clean energy resource are part of the major concerns of the government mandates. To cope with the policies, the Ocean Engineering Division of NSC has regulated its Advanced Energy-Saved Naval Technology guidelines, and the use of green energy, such as solar energy, is one of the major subjects. This study tries to improve the Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) control algorithm of solar cell, and proposes the modified perturbation and observation method for MPPT control in order to increase the efficiency of solar power usage. By integrating the FPGA chip and compact real-time I/O modules (cRIO) of National Instrument, self-designed power switch voltage reduction buck DC/DC converter circuitries, a real performance experiment will be carried out to demonstrate the performance of the proposed energy saving algorithm.

    摘要................................................I 誌謝..............................................III 目錄...............................................IV 表目錄............................................VII 圖目錄...........................................VIII 第一章 緒論........................................1 1.1研究動機及目的...................................1 1.2文獻回顧.........................................2 1.2.1 最大功率追蹤..................................3 (1)電壓迴授法.....................................3 (2)功率迴授法.....................................4 (3)擾動與觀察法...................................5 (4)增量電導法.....................................7 (5)直線近似法.....................................9 (6)實際量測法.....................................9 1.3研究方法........................................11 1.4論文架構........................................12 第二章 太陽能電池特性..............................13 2.1 太陽光能電池的基本構造與原理...................13 2.1.1太陽光能電池的基本構造........................13 2.1.2太陽光能電池原理..............................14 2.2太陽電池的電氣特性與效率........................15 2.2.1太陽電池的電氣特性............................15 2.2.2太陽電池的效率................................19 2.3 太陽能系統連接方式.............................20 第三章 太陽能發電系統..............................24 3.1 太陽能電池.....................................25 3.2 電路設計.......................................26 3.2.1 線性與切換式轉換器...........................27 3.2.2 設計元件考量.................................32 3.2.3 功率開關元件的選擇...........................34 3.2.4 霍爾感知器(Hall Sensor ).....................36 3.3 控制器(Compact RIO)............................37 3.3.1 RT 處理器(Real-Time Processor)..............38 3.3.2 FPGA模組( Field-Programmable Gate Array)....39 3.3.3 I/O 模組(Input Output Module)...............41 第四章 改良式擾動觀察法實現最大功率追蹤............43 4.1 以單變數邏輯應用於最大功率追蹤.................45 4.1.1 單變數電流法定理.............................45 4.1.2 單變數擾動追蹤法.............................48 4.1.3 單變數二次曲線極值追蹤邏輯方法...............52 4.2 單變數電流法特色...............................55 第五章 模擬與測試結果..............................57 5.1 演算法模擬結果.................................58 5.1.1 模擬單變數擾動法.............................58 5.1.2 模擬單變數二項式極值追蹤法...................68 5.2 實際量測.......................................71 5.2.1 單變數擾動法.................................74 5.2.2 單變數二項式極值追蹤法.......................78 第六章 結果與未來展望..............................81 6.1 結論...........................................81 6.2 未來展望.......................................83 參考文獻...........................................85 附錄...............................................87 附錄A..............................................87 附錄B..............................................90

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