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研究生: 蔡承翰
Tsai, Cheng-Han
論文名稱: 水平對臥式維勒米爾式冷凍機之製作與實驗
Manufacturing and Experiments of a Flat-Twin Vuilleumier Refrigerator
指導教授: 鄭金祥
Cheng, Chin-Hsiang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 航空太空工程學系
Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics
論文出版年: 2024
畢業學年度: 112
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 112
中文關鍵詞: 維勒米爾水平對臥凸輪震動孔隙率
外文關鍵詞: Vuilleumier, Flat-Twin, Cam-drive shaft, vibration, porosity
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  • 本研究探討了水平對臥式雙製冷頭維勒米爾冷凍機是否能有效利用其特性,在馬達帶動下,左右兩支移氣器產生的側向力達到平衡,以期減少機器運行中必然造成的震動;以及其多出一倍的製冷面積是否會增加其製冷量。本研究以簡單的凸輪機械設計自轉軸來減少連桿動件運行時的磨損能量,這也是選用維勒米爾冷凍機作為研究載體的原因之一,因為其構造簡單,每個壓縮室與膨脹室之間僅需要一個移氣器作為滑動件便可達到製冷效果,因此相比於一般史特靈冷凍機所需的馬達輸入功較小。
    本研究以實驗室原有的維勒米爾冷凍機為基礎,設計了一台水平對臥式維勒米爾冷凍機,並使用加速規測量兩者在運作震動下的加速度,並以此作為比較依據。同時,測量其製冷溫度並計算製冷量。在加熱溫度1100K、轉速600rpm、填充氦氣壓力14bar的情況下,水平對臥式維勒米爾冷凍機減少了55%的水平震動造成的加速度。後續改用孔隙率梯度的再生器來達到236.74K的製冷溫度。

    This study investigates whether the Flat-Twin Vuilleumier refrigerator with dual refrigerant heads can effectively utilize its characteristics to balance the lateral forces generated by the two displacers driven by the motor, thereby reducing the inevitable vibrations during machine operation. It also examines whether its doubled refrigerant area can increase its cooling capacity. The study employs a simple cam mechanical design for the rotating shaft to reduce the wear energy of the moving linkages, which is one of the reasons for choosing the Vuilleumier refrigerator as the research vehicle. Its simple structure requires only one displacer as a sliding component between each compression and expansion chamber to achieve the cooling effect, resulting in lower motor input power compared to a typical Stirling cryocooler.
    Based on an existing laboratory Vuilleumier refrigerator, this study designed a Flat-Twin Vuilleumier refrigerator and used accelerometers to measure the acceleration under operational vibrations as a basis for comparison. Simultaneously, the cooling temperature and cooling capacity were measured. Under conditions of a heating temperature of 1100K, a speed of 600 rpm, and a helium gas pressure of 14 bar, the Flat-Twin Vuilleumier refrigerator reduced the acceleration caused by horizontal vibrations by 55%. Subsequently, a regenerator with a porosity gradient was used to achieve a cooling temperature of 236.74K.

    摘要 I Abstract II 致謝 XI 目錄 XII 表目錄 XV 圖目錄 XVII 符號索引 XIX 第一章 前言 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 文獻回顧 2 1.3水平對臥式維勒米爾式冷凍機介紹 4 1.3.1 維勒米爾式冷凍機 4 1.3.2 水平對臥式維勒米爾式冷凍機 4 1.3.3 再生室孔隙率 5 1.4 研究目的與方法 6 1.5 論文架構 7 第二章 理論模式 8 2.1 起始條件 8 2.2 熱力模型 9 2.2.1 移氣器位移 9 2.2.2 各腔室體積變化 9 2.2.3 壓力與流體質量變化 11 2.2.4 質量流率 13 2.2.5氣體流道熱量散失 15 2.2.6 能量守恆方程式 16 2.2.7 淨輸入熱 19 2.2.8 淨輸出功 23 2.2.9 製冷汽缸溫度變化 23 2.3 製冷效率計算 25 第三章 設計與實驗 27 3.1 水平對臥式維勒米爾式冷凍機設計 27 3.1.1 雙製冷汽缸設計 27 3.1.2 再生加熱器 27 3.1.3 再生器孔隙率配置 28 3.2 實驗設備 30 3.2.1 填充壓力控制裝置 30 3.2.2 冷卻系統與加熱系統 30 3.2.3 無刷馬達及控制器 31 3.2.4 測量系統 32 3.3 實驗步驟 33 第四章 結果與討論 34 4.1 實驗方法 34 4.2 均勻孔隙率再生室之實驗 34 4.2.1 馬達轉速 34 4.2.2 加熱溫度 35 4.2.3 填充壓力 36 4.3 機械震動 37 4.3.1 馬達轉速 37 4.3.2 加熱溫度與填充壓力 38 4.4 熱力模型結果 39 4.5 增加再生室孔隙率梯度之實驗 39 4.5.1 馬達轉速 39 4.5.2 加熱溫度 40 4.5.3 填充壓力 40 第五章 結論 42 參考文獻 44

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