此篇論文主要探討漢語「行」的情態及表誇張語氣的用法。「行」在漢語裡具有多重語意，例如：動詞表行走、名詞表旅行等。其中最具特別的是情態及誇飾用法，因為它們表露着說話者主觀意識。 但是顯少文章討論過關於漢語「行」表主觀意識地用法，因此，本文將以「行」為主軸分為兩大類，分別探討他的情態用法及誇飾語氣，也試著從語言的歷史討論兩者之間的關聯性。
根據 Lyon (1977)，各種不同語義的情態詞，皆可分為必然性和可能性。而本文依據其語意將情態分為五大類，分別為認知、義務、能力、願望及未來。從句法的分類來看，依據兩者在樹狀結構分佈位置來分，情態動詞亦可分為本義動詞及情態動詞 (Butler, 2003; Cook, 1978)。
當「行」為情態動詞時， 是屬於義務類情態動詞，主要是表達說話者對某件事的許可。在此用法時，「行」主要是出現在句尾的位置當作整句的謂語，通常被範圍副詞如：「就」、「也」、「才」、「都」修飾 (Zhu, 2007)，若這些副詞省略句子就會不合文法。義務情態「行」的語意與「可以」雷同，皆可以表示說話者對某件事的許可。但是「可以」的句法分佈位置相較於自由，並無侷限於句末的位置。但是「行」則相較於受限，在肯定句時，只可以出現在句尾；而否定句「不行」時，則可出現於句中或是句尾。另外，「行」的另一種用法表示厲害的意思， 其語意語能力情態動詞類似，皆關於某人的能力。但其句法表現與表義務情態時略有不同，例如：因為它可被程度副詞「很」、「最」、「真」修飾 (Zhu, 2007)，而且可在比較句的句型出現 (Xiang, 2003)，這些都是形容詞的特性。
總而言之，「行」從古代動詞的用法中漸漸地演變為情態詞的用法，其語意則表是「允許」、「許可」，此用法的「行」比較像情態動詞，通常在句尾出現而且充當謂語，而句中位置則只有否定形式「不行」時才可以。而且相較其同義詞「可以」，「行」可以出現的句法結構也相較於受限。「行」用於表示能力相關時，此種用法則較像形容詞。此外，「行」現代漢語中「X到不行」亦可透露出說話者主觀性的看法，此種用法則更為虛化。

The aim of this study is to discuss Chinese 行xing with regard to modality and hyperbolic expressions. 行xing is polysemic in Chinese, and can be a verb, walk, a noun, journey and so on. Two of these usages are special, which are for the deontic modal and hyperbolic expressions, because they are related to the speaker’s attitude toward the event. Therefore, this study will attempt to investigate行xing in its modal use and hyperbolic expressions in Modern Chinese.
According to Lyon (1977), each type of modality can be further divided into possibility and necessity. From the semantic aspect, this study will classify modality into four groups, which are epistemic, deontic, dynamic, and future modality; from the syntactic dimension, it can be categorized as root modal and epistemic modal (Butler 2003, Cook 1978).
When 行xing is expressing permission, it is a deontic modality. In this use, 行xing is usually a predicate which appears at the sentential final position and is modified by the quantifier adverbs. The meaning of 行xing in deontic use is similar to the modal verb 可以ke-yi, which also conveys the speaker's permission. However, 可以ke-yi is not only more widely distributed than 行xing, but also its syntactic structure is more flexible than 行xing.
行xing can also appear in a negative formation to be a hyperbolic expression, such as X到不行 X dao bu xing. It is used to magnify the speaker’s emotion to show that something has been achieved to the maximal degree from speaker’s perspective. Furthermore, it is also possible to add a classifier phrase, 一個yi ge, between 到dao and 不行 bu xing, to form as a superlative form to magnify the speaker’s opinions.
In sum, 行xing in subjective use can be a modality or a hyperbolic expression that expresses the speaker’s attitude. In modal use, 行xing has two different parts of speech. In deontic use, it is more like a verb, which is usually a predicate appearing in the sentence final position, and in dynamic use it is more like an adjective, and is usually modified by degree adverbs. In the hyperbolic expression X到不行 X dao bu xing, it is generally used to modify a gradable adjective or a verb related to people’ emotion on a maximal scale.

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