目前既有的民航天氣異常預警系統大多利用鄰近區域所架設之地面氣象觀測站的資料。地面氣象觀測站接收氣象資料之後，再將氣象資料集中並送進流場模型計算模擬氣象型態。然而，由於所架設之地面氣象觀測站皆接近地表導致所取得之氣象資料的高程資訊有限，故這些氣象資料即使經過流場模型計算之後所得到的結果依然會趨近於二維。然而此模擬出來的結果並不足以對可能存在於低空範圍的異常氣象現象發出預警，例如：低空風切(Low-level wind shear)或微爆氣流(Microburst)。另一方面，廣播式自動回報監視(Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast, ADS-B)系統提供裝有ADS-B相關設備的飛機能夠利用無線電訊號(Radio Frequency, RF)自動廣播其機載資料(Onboard data)，其中包括經緯度、高度、風速風向、溫度、壓力等資料。
　　因此，本論文中將驗證利用從ADS-B訊號中所廣播的機載資料結合地面氣象觀測站所得到之觀測資料以模擬三維氣象流場資料之可能性。簡而言之，我們將每台可以使用的飛機視為可以提供高程氣象資訊的氣象觀測站。為了利用ADS-B訊號中的機載資料，且由於ADS-B系統中共包含兩種不同的訊號頻段，位於1090MHz 的ADS-B Mode S ES Extended Squitter (ES)和位於978MHz的全方位無線電收發(Universal Access Transceiver, UAT)，本論文中將自行研發UAT和ADS-B Mode S ES訊號軟體定義接收機(software defined receiver)。除此之外，本論文中利用CALMET/CALPUFF模擬系統(CALMET/CALPUFF modeling system)結合飛機所傳之機載資料和地面氣象觀測站的觀測資料，以建立三維氣象流場資料模擬。最後，本論文將對從機載資料解碼出來的資料和三維氣象流場資料模擬結果進行分析與驗證。
　　在本論文中，我們成功地利用自行研發的UAT/ADS-B訊號軟體定義接收機解碼出飛機所傳送的機載資料，並結合地面氣象觀測站的觀測資料模擬出三維氣象流場資料。

The existing aviation unusual weather alert system uses observation data from several ground-based meteorological stations to simulate or predict weather information with specific computational fluid dynamic models. However, most ground meteorological stations are near the ground surface level. As a result, the simulation results from computational fluid dynamic models can only display weather conditions in two-dimensional proximately. With only two-dimensional weather information, it would be very difficult for the unusual weather alert system to issue a warning for unusual low-level weather conditions, such as low-level wind shear and microbursts. In other respects, Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) systems enable aircraft to update their states and observation information in real time. The information includes their location, altitude, airspeed, track angle and pressure.

Consequently, the goal of this thesis is to verify the possibility of using aircraft onboard data broadcasted from an ADS-B system and observation data from ground meteorological stations to simulate a three-dimensional wind flow field. In other words, aircraft are regarded as meteorological stations with vertical profiles for the purpose of this work. In order to utilize the onboard data in the ADS-B signal, the ADS-B Mode S ES signal at 1090MHz and Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) signal at 978MHz have to be decoded, and thus, a UAT/ADS-B software-defined receiver is developed in this thesis. Furthermore, the CALMET/CALPUFF modeling system is selected in this thesis to simulate the three-dimensional wind flow field. Finally, the results of UAT/ADS-B signal decoding and the flow field simulation are demonstrated and analyzed in this work as well.

In this thesis, we successfully establish the three-dimensional wind flow field simulation with the onboard data decoded using the UAT/ADS-B software-defined receiver and observation data from ground meteorological stations.

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