流行病學研究發現空氣污染對於造成心肺不良效應有相關性，空氣污染中的超細懸浮微粒對於誘導不良健康效應可能扮演關鍵的角色，因為奈米微粒與粗顆粒在粒徑的差異，暴露相同重量之後，奈米微粒的數目與表面積相對大於粗顆粒，但目前對於超細奈米微粒的毒理機制仍有進一步釐清的必要，因此實驗目的是建立電腦程式控制奈米微粒的呼吸暴露系統以進行奈米毒理研究。暴露系統以霧化奈米碳黑懸浮液的方式產生含有奈米碳黑微粒的氣膠，氣膠與乾淨空氣進行稀釋後，透過電腦程式監控與回饋調整數目濃度，最後校正濕度，輸送至呼吸暴露艙。以15、30與60萬（顆 / 立方公分）進行呼吸暴露系統的建立及測試，利用掃描式電移動度粒徑篩分器（SMPS）分析氣膠的粒徑分佈，測試三小時的穩定性。接著以最高濃度（600,000 顆 / 立方公分）進行動物實驗的暴露，動物實驗以Wistar大鼠共進行13週（6小時/天，5天/週）的暴露，暴露結束後一天進行犧牲，採集大鼠的肺沖提液分析白血球數量與LDH 濃度。在三種數目濃度中，總數目濃度為15萬（顆 / 立方公分）的濃度，粒徑小於100奈米的奈米碳黑氣膠佔全部的約78 %，總數目濃度60 萬（顆 / 立方公分）的濃度，電移動粒徑小於100奈米的奈米碳黑氣膠佔全部的約72 %，暴露13週的大鼠其白血球以巨噬細胞為主，其數目及所佔白血球比例與控制組相比無顯著差異，LDH分析則可以看到暴露組與控制組相比有顯著增加。此系統設置可產生三種不同濃度且分佈接近的氣膠，並穩定維持6小時，期間各參數皆符合動物實驗規範，目前的呼吸暴露系統能夠提供奈米毒理研究更貼近真實情況之暴露方法，能夠對於準確瞭解奈米毒理機制有進一步發展。

The purpose of this study was to develop a computerized inhalation chamber for nanotoxicology study. Our system could generate a feasible number concentration at 1.5x105, 3x105, 6x105 (#/cm3). A computer program maintained the concentration through a feedback control route and the concentration with a CV% of less than 5% in number concentration during experiments. The electrical mobility diameter less than 100 nm in 1.5x105 and 6x105 (#/cm3) were 80% and 73% respectively. Rats were randomly divided into four groups according to the air quality and the type of diet . After exposed to 6x105 (#/cm3) for 13 weeks (6 hours/day, 5 days/week) then sacrificed. Macrophage was the dominant cell type in BAL fluid. Total cell counts and differential counts were no difference between four groups but LDH activity in nanoCB group was significantly higher than filtered air group. This system is able to generate nanoparticles suited for nanotoxicology studies.

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