當今之實證醫學，造就了近代西方醫學之進步。而由實證醫學所延伸之醫院建築實證設計，近年已成為各國在醫院規劃方面重要的研究新領域。本研究首次收集台灣醫院使用者觀點，以急重症單位為研究議題，透過國內外急重症單位之設置規範與設計準則之實證文獻探究，以實證科學之精神、理論統計方法之運用，研擬研究流程、驗證規劃要素，來建立台灣急重症單位規劃設計建議準則，以及台灣本土實證設計之研究案例。
第一項研究為，使用修正德菲法，針對20位國內教學醫院決策高層、加護病房醫師團隊以及護理主管等專家，進行德菲研究之反覆施測，以了解加護病房之規劃要素。研究結果發現，透過對「高度共識」之共識函數定義與統計分析，研究提出三項規劃準則主軸：「加強感染管制」、「提升照護效率」與「適切的環境設計」，以及在此三大主軸下之25項設計規劃要素。每一項設計規劃要素，再依專家意見補充、醫院設置標準，與國外文獻佐證，提出規劃準則之細部說明。而研究所獲之結果，亦進行與台灣現行設置標準法規之比較，以及分析國外加護病房設計規劃趨勢文獻之異同，依此做為台灣之加護病房最適規劃準則之建議。
第二項研究為，使用非隨機雙組樣本配對分析之半質性研究，針對國內120家教學醫院之急診室主任與工務室主任，進行問卷調查，以驗證急診室除污區之規劃要素，並探究兩組專家對於該區域設置於室內或戶外之決策思考。研究結果發現：首先，就整體問卷量表信度上，Cronbach α值高於0.7，各項內容具測驗結果達一致性。而不論設置於室內或戶外，共有7項規劃要素為兩組專家共同評定為重要項目。其次，就兩組之意見分析結果，依醫療處置動線與感染管制考量，提出「熱區」、「暖區」與「冷區」三大區域，及其九個次區劃之18項規劃準則細部說明，以做為急診室除污區之規劃設計準則建議。最後，針對該區域應設置於室內或戶外之兩群專家意見分析結果，提出優劣分析與決策討論。
綜合前述，本研究期待我國在醫院建築實證設計領域，能有本土性的發展。在深度方面，能透過系統性的科學方法驗證，研擬出特定主題之規劃指引，以期提升設計品質與效率，減少設計規劃過程中之錯誤與反覆溝通。而在廣度方面，期待未來能匯聚更多醫院建築之本土實證設計案例，逐步建立我國醫院建築領域實證設計案例之發表平台，以供設計規劃或設計審議之重要參據，並進而得以與國際接軌，共同合作與發表，建立醫院建築實證設計研究領域一個新里程。

This research proposed to establish the acute and critical unit planning and design guidelines of hospital in Taiwan. Using evidence-based methodology, this study implemented literature compilation, data collection and developed research processes, analysis the planning elements verification.
The first evidence-based design (EBD) study using the modified Delphi method to make recommendations for the optimal planning guidelines for intensive care units (ICU). The second study using the Qualitative research with non-random two-group sample survey to explore the planning elements of the emergency department (ER) decontamination area and the decision making for indoor or outdoor site.
The results mentioned 25 design guidelines for ICU and 18 important planning factors for decontamination areas of ER. This study looks forward to develope the native evidence-based design study and establish the design guidelines for hospital. It starts the beginning of Taiwan hospital evidence-based design research field and try to makes some suggestion for the national hospital architecture law renew.

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