寡佔市場的供應鏈動態訂價及實體流程均衡是指；少數生產可相互取代產品的供應鏈廠商，各自研擬動態訂價及生產、運輸與存貨計畫，以追求各自利潤的最佳化。然而，廠商反應需求及產品運輸皆具有時間延遲。如此，市場價格無法立即達成一個穩定的均衡。因此，本研究以動態最佳化為基本理論，建構一個寡佔市場訂價與實體流程動態均衡模式，探討各供應鏈廠商原物料、成品價格、運輸與存貨於時間上的動態軌跡；同時，並分析路網擁擠對價格與存貨的影響。對任一廠商而言，所形成動態最佳化問題的求解方法，本研究以GAMS包含MINOS的商用軟體，進行求解。

　　Under the oligopolistic market, the pricing and revenue management of each supply chain is to unilaterally determine its dynamic prices and operating plans to gain its optimal profit over the planning horizon. However, there exists a time and space delay on commodity flows and inventory for firms. As the result, the price is not an unchangeable steady state. Thus, in this research, we apply the optimal control theory to design a mathematical model for the dynamic price and commodity flows on supply chain in an oligopolistic market, to explore the commodity price, transportation flows and inventory trajectories over time. We will also analyze the economic effects of congestion. We show by example that, this mathematical program may be solved by the software package GAMS when used in conjunction with the commercial solver MINOS.

一、中文部分
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5.張治魯，「顧客服務水準控制與供應鏈管理應用於改善傳統產業營業獲利之研究」，國立成功大學交通管理科學研究所碩士論文，民國91年7月。
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