鐵路車輛的動態穩定性一直都是鐵路安全中的重要問題之一，然而地震作用下橋梁結構的動力響應及其對列車運行的安全性，已成為車輛與結構動力相互作用分析中一個重要的研究方向。本文主要研究高架鐵路列車在不同車速下遭遇不同振動的脫軌係數。為取得橋上地震加速度歷時，本研究使用有限元素分析軟體Abaqus進行高架橋梁模型的建立與分析，輸入甲仙地震之不同測站歷時，取得各測站橋上地震加速度響應，作為後續振動台實驗之依據。
將1：5縮尺模型安裝於國家地震工程研究中心台南實驗室的多軸向地震模擬測試系統(MAST)上，並分別輸入各測站橋中心地震響應，透過架設在試體上之加速規，量測與後處理得到輪軌力側向及垂向歷時，再推導為脫軌係數協助判斷列車之運行安全。探討車輪與軌道在不同動態荷載下的接觸行為。
橋梁動力歷時分析的結果中，橋上加速度、速度與位移響應幅值皆隨著墩柱高度增加而有變大的趨勢，而且在相同墩柱高度下，側向與垂向地震力在橋上放大較顯著，縱向地震力則與原先地表輸入時差異不大。從縮尺轉向架振動台試驗中可發現，當行駛過程中遭遇震度4級之地震時，以時速50km/h行駛於高架鐵路上仍算穩定，但若以時速100km/h行駛，脫軌係數將超過界限值0.8。

The dynamic stability of railway vehicles has always been one of the critical issues in railway safety. However, the dynamic response of bridge structures under seismic actions and its impact on the safety of train operations have become an important research direction in the analysis of the interaction between vehicle dynamics and structural dynamics.
This study primarily focuses on investigating the derailment coefficient of elevated railway trains experiencing different vibrations at various speeds. To obtain the seismic acceleration time history on the bridge, the researchers used the finite element analysis software Abaqus to establish and analyze a model of the elevated bridge. Different seismic records from various stations during the Jiaxian earthquake were input to obtain the seismic acceleration response on the bridge at each station, which served as the basis for subsequent shake table experiments.
A 1:5 scale model was installed on the Multi-Axis Shake Table (MAST) at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering in Tainan. The model was subjected to the seismic responses recorded at the bridge center of each station. Accelerometers mounted on the test specimen were used to measure and post-process the lateral and vertical force histories, which were then derived into derailment coefficients to assist in determining the safety of train operations. The study explored the contact behavior between the wheels and the track under different dynamic loadings.

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