為因應高齡化趨勢，福祉機構的需求不斷增加，而其室內空氣品質的議題近年也受到廣泛關注，然而異味侵擾的現象依然存在於日間照顧中心室內環境中。為要了解日照中心空間使用人員面臨的異味現況，本研究於冬夏兩季使用問卷及電子偵測儀監測調查台灣南部9間日照機構營運時異味發生的樣態，同時也藉由現場調查中異味下降的速度檢測自然通風潛能計算的新概念。綜合考慮問卷與儀器數據，階層式分群法的結果闡明冬夏兩季異味樣態相異。然而，問卷與儀器調查的部分指標在冬夏兩季間出現相反趨勢，問卷中持續時間與每日發生次數為冬季顯著大於夏季多數儀器數據則反之。此外，異味好發的時段並不位於靜或動態時段，而在中午備餐至午休結束，占總機構營運期間的3成以上。長者口腔異味影響範圍約於24-26cm間；浴廁與中午備餐時藉由自然通風可有效減少42-300cm與37-600cm左右的異味擴散距離。比較考量外氣風向的自然通風手法與異味下降速度，選擇空間面風處與其斜對角的開口所形成的路徑更能有效控制異味的侵擾。異味難以被抑制的主因在於缺乏適切通風計畫，應對不同時間尺度的通風概念需被引入，如何快速並符合經濟效益以降低日照中心室內異味問題須有更多探究。

This study investigated 9 daycare centers in southern Taiwan in winter and summer to clarify the current indoor odor pattern and tested a new calculation formula of natural ventilation potential by the speed of odor elimination. Questionnaires and E-noses were employed to establish the Frequency-Duration-Intensity odor characteristics to evaluate the pattern in daycare centers and comparison of two methods each other. The result indicated the odor patterns were different between seasons. Severer odor pattern occurred in summer according to instrumental detection, but the opposite situation was supported by questionnaire data. Also, the activity type had influence on odor pattern. Most of the instrumental indicators showed rest period had more serious odor problems than passive activities or exercise time significantly. In the range beyond 45cm, the oral odor of elder intensity rarely posed a problem of nuisances. The odor diffusion distances of restroom, and lunch preparation could be reduced to about 42-300cm and 37-600cm by natural ventilation respectively. A new calculation of natural ventilation potential was tested by comparing the odor removal speed, the ventilation paths, and the current direction of outside air. Lacking appropriate ventilation plans is the main reason for the resistance to odor control. The findings of this study can be applied for the basis of effective ventilation strategies for periods of severe odor and for the management of indoor air quality.

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