由於分子生物技術重要性逐年增加，其對核酸來源之需求也逐年增加，核酸主要來源由化學法及物理法從細胞內萃取。傳統之化學萃取法效率不高且萃取時間長，對於操作人員技術要求高。近年來，各式微機電製程之核酸萃取晶片發表，但是其萃取效率低於傳統法且對樣本需求量仍高。因此本研究擬以微機電製程製作具起始電極及三週期升降溫循環之核酸萃取晶片，期能得到較高之萃取效率及降低之樣本需求量。除了晶片研製外，我們以microLYSIS核酸萃取藥劑配合晶片萃取核酸，再自行設計之綠螢光蛋白(Green Fluorescence Protein)及小鼠貝他肌動蛋白(mice -actin)之核酸引子配合即時偵測聚合酶鍊鎖反應(Real Time PCR)檢測晶片之核酸萃取效率，與利用瓊膠電泳觀察其萃取產物之正確性。

　　實驗的方式首先以數值模擬三維向量空間之熱、流與電耦合場作為設計的依據，並以即時熱值量測系統分析核酸萃取晶片之加熱效率，發現萃取晶片之加熱及散熱結果符合模擬結果。我們所設計之核酸萃取晶片較佳流體流速為0.010 mL/min，起始電極施加0.25伏特及加熱電極施加0.49伏特之電壓，實驗分別萃取1 L之大腸桿菌及小鼠成骨細胞作為樣本，以Real Time PCR分析其萃取效率CT值分別為 20.98及37.21，以瓊膠電泳分析PCR產物發現其產物皆為正確產物。此外欲藉由金奈米粒子之熱傳效應，進一步提高晶片之萃取效率，目前實驗發現13 nm直徑之金奈米粒子在相同條件下可再減少CT值0.78，提升核酸萃取晶片之萃取效率效果並不顯著，整個實驗過程將記述於本論文中。

　Nucleic acid purification is a very important method in molecular biology. The source of DNA could be extracted from cells or bacteria through chemical and physical methods. Conventional chemical method has complex procedures and needs a large amount of samples to recover enough DNA. For designing the microchip, a 3-D modeling coupled with three physical properties (electricity, fluid and heat) was simulation by numerical method. And the real time temperature measurement was performed by using the thermocouple. The nucleic acid extraction microchip was fabricated by the MEMS technology including photolithography, thin film deposition and wet etch techniques. The microchip contains one starting electrode and three heat electrodes for extraction procedures of microLYSIS reagent. We hope that new microchip has high extraction efficiency and low consumption of necessary samples. The extraction efficiency of the microchip was evaluated by real-time PCR, and GFP DNA fragment and mice -actin primer. The DNA length of PCR products were checked by gel electrophoresis.

　The coupling-field simulation of 3-D electric field, fluid and heat transfer was conducted for the design of the microchip. And three kinds of physical interfaces on the electric field were established by using the CFD-RC software. Compared with the temperature profiles of micro-channels in the microchip, simulation results were in good agreement with experimental results. The microchip was examined by loading 0.25 V in starting electrode, and 0.49 V for heating electrode at 0.01 mL/min flow rate with 1 L of samples of Escherichia coli or mice osteoblast cells, MC3T3E-1 injected. The CT values of Escherichia coli and MC3T3E-1 were 20.98 and 37.21 by real-time PCR, respectively and all PCR products were correct as evidenced by gel electrophoresis examination. In order to improve extraction efficiency of the microchip, 13 nm gold colloid was added to the extracted samples for enhancing the extraction efficiency. The results demonstrated that the CT value was decreased by about 0.78 compared with that without gold colloid added.

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