供應鏈的迅速發展導致物品之間的流通更加快速且雜亂，近年來食品安全問題日漸頻繁，食物中毒與不良產品的現象層出不窮。但不良產品卻無法確定源頭，導致供應商無法及時改善自家產品。農產品是我們生活中不可或缺的食物來源，但目前台灣的農產品安全性卻讓人質疑。產品標示不清、黑心食品事件在台灣時有所聞，而市面上更充斥著不實產地、日期、添加物的產品，讓國人的健康安全岌岌可危。
有鑑於上述之問題，將生產履歷導入農漁畜牧業與加工產品將能夠有效的提供明確且可追蹤的訊息標示。消費者可由已認證的生產、加工與運送的過程中，購買到具有保障的食品，防止不安全食品事件的發生。且生產履歷為農產品的安全衛生與來源提供保證，可增進消費者對於農產品的品牌信心與增加購買意願。不過如何系統化地導入電子化的生產履歷系統，以及其成本效益如何評估，都是市面上將導入生產履歷之農產品者最為關心的議題。本研究將以農產品-茶葉產業為研究的主軸，從栽種、採收、檢驗、出售等步驟作分析，建立一導入生產履歷之流程模型，以提供農藝產品導入生產履歷系統時的參照，並提出應該注意的事項。
本研究以實際案例探討的方式，測試並證實模式的可行性，以探討農產品導入生產履歷之後的效益與風險評估。經實例研究後發現，本研究所提出之模型確實可使公司順利地導入生產履歷系統並記錄步驟，並可大幅降低公司之營運成本，提升產品之品質及提高顧客對產品的滿意度。同時也將本研究模型提供國內其他茶葉產業，建置生產履歷系統時之參考。

關鍵字:茶葉產業;生產履歷;流程步驟分析

Currently, supply chains are rapidly developing, and the flow of foods items are is accelerating and sometimes chaotic. Due to the problems of food poisoning and defective products, people have begun to increase their focus on food safety. However, without the ability to determine the source of defective products, exerting pressure on suppliers becomes problematic, and suppliers not have been able to respond immediately to the necessity for product improvement. Agriculture is an integral part of the food chain, but the safety of agricultural products has continued it s precipitous decline in Taiwan. For example, product labeling is unclear, and some unsafe food contains poisonous substances; these lead to risks for people’s health and safety.
Due to these problems, implementing a traceability system for animals, fish, and agricultural products will allow clear and effective messages regarding food safety. Consumers can buy insurance-food from certified production, processing, and delivery streams, to guard against unsafe products. A traceability system provides a guarantee for the source of healthy and safe food, and it can enhance the confidence consumers have for agricultural products and increase consumers’ purchase intentions. Methods for effectively implementing a traceability system and for evaluating cost-effectiveness remain problematic, as is concern for the identity of the implementing agency. This study, using the tea industry as an example, proposes planting, harvesting, testing and sale steps needed establish a process model for a traceability system for agricultural products.
This research uses an actual case to test and confirm the model, to assess benefits and risks for agricultural products after implementing a traceability system. The case shows that the proposed model can successfully implement a traceability system. Providing a record of the implemented steps significantly reduces operating costs, improve product quality, and increases customers’ satisfaction. Furthermore, the model provides a reference for other domestic tea producers who seek to establish traceability systems.

Keywords: Tea industry; production records; process step; traceability system.

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行政院農委會茶業改良場，(2009)，茶葉專訊。
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