摘要
　　本文以人體的循環系統—心血管系統的非穩態流場振盪現象為研究的出發點，去探討新型的生醫流體感測器的設計。目前生醫流體感測器的潮流除了縮小化之外，更致力於非侵入式量測的導向，其目的無非在於盡量讓身體在量測過程中所受到的傷害降到最小。若把人體的心血管系統等效成機械系統，我們利用彈性矽膠軟管和電磁閥等機械元件建構一套模擬真實動脈系統的機械裝置進行實驗，當中的力學模型包括非穩態流場激發振動，固液耦合等等。本文旨在討論如何設計一套非侵入式的量測方式去偵測此等效機械系統，藉由彈性軟管管壁振動量的非侵入式量測，進一步得到彈性管內部壓力，流率，壓力波波速，彈性管材料機械性質等特性，以最少的已知物理參數預測出最多的未知變量，並且討論如何將此套量測方式應用在真實動脈系統，因為動脈系統量測上的工作需求即為利用最不傷害人體的方式得到最多的生醫流體信號。並且我們以所建構的動脈系統等效機械模型進行實驗的結果印證我們所設計的量測方法在概念設計上的可行性。

ABSTRACT
　This thesis is concerned with the circulation system of human body---the cardiovascular system---and pays particular attention to the oscillatory flow phenomenon in the artery. On the basis of hemodynamic principles, here we discuss the possibility of designing a new type of bio-fluid sensor for measuring the mechanical properties of arteries non-invasively. Technically, we model the artery by an equivalent mechanical system consisting of an elastic tube conveying pulsatile fluid flow, and study the dynamic fluid--structure interaction between the tube wall and the fluid flow within. Based upon the model, we propose a methodology of measuring the mechanical properties of the equivalent mechanical system by non-invasive means. Specifically, the periodic dilation of the elastic tube wall is measured by optical sensors, and, by determining the time-delay of such measurements at two separate locations, the elastic wave speed along the tube wall is deduced. Furthermore, the Young’s modulus of the tube wall material is calculated from the wave speed, and the fluid pressure and flow rate inside the tube can then be predicted accordingly. In other words, the methodology attempts use a minimal set of input data to estimate as many unknown system parameters as possible. We have also constructed an experimental apparatus consisting of a silica elastic tube conveying water flow modulated by a solenoid valve, so that our methodology can be tested. Experimental results indicate that the methodology does yield reliable estimates of the material properties of the tube wall. The clinical adaptation of the proposed methodology is also briefly discussed in this thesis.

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