本研究主要目的為瞭解井中與地層中地下水流之差異性。首先利用自行設計之試驗砂箱，配合地下水流速流向儀，於控制變因為井體構造(井徑大小、井篩大小、井篩形狀、井篩密度)、水力梯度、地層顆粒大小條件下，分別設計六種不同變因(井徑大小、井篩大小、井篩形狀、井篩密度、水力梯度、地層顆粒大小)之試驗，探討井中觀測流速值與地層達西流速值之差異，利用各批次試驗所得之結果差異，瞭解各種不同控制變因下，對於井中與地層中地下水流速之變異性與否，並探討流向之準確性。其次，利用MODFLOW數值模擬軟體，進行上述試驗之地下水流數值模擬，探討模擬推估所得井周圍與地層地下水流速之差異。最後，利用試驗與模擬所得之值，探討兩者之關係。
本研究試驗結果，在流速結果方面，控制變因為井體構造時，井中平均流速與地層中達西流速值，兩者流速之差異為4-6倍，控制變因為水力梯度以及顆粒大小時，井中平均流速值與地層中達西流速值，其兩者間流速之差異為4-10倍；在流向結果方面，各控制變因之流向量測大致上與實際地層流向值相互吻合。
本研究數值模擬結果，在流速結果方面，各批次試驗模擬推估得井周圍平均流速值與地層流速值，其兩者間流速之差異皆為2倍左右；在流向結果方面，大致上相互吻合。

The purpose of this study is to identify the variation of groundwater velocity on wells and aquifer. A self-designed sand tank is utilized to observe the difference between velocitys in the wells and darcy’s velocity in the aquifers. The experiments in the sand tank are also considered with different independent variables of the measurement such as the structure of the wells (size of wells、size of well′s screens、shape of well′s screens、density of well′s screens)、hydraulic head、the size of sands. A computer code MODFLOW was then performed to modify above-mentioned experiments in order to compare the variation of groundwater velocity around the wells and groundwater velocity in the aquifer. The relations between the experiments and the result of simulation were discussed.
The results show that when the structure of the wells is considered as the independent variable, the ratio between velocity in the wells and darcy’s velocity in the aquifers is given in the range from four to six times. Meanwhile, as the hydraulic head and the size of sands are. considered as the independent variables, the ratio between velocity of observation in the wells and darcy’s velocity in the aquifers is given in the range from 4 to 10 times. The result also indicated that the groundwater direction of observation of each independent variables is matching with real direction in the aquifer. On the other hand, simulation results indicated that the ratio of groundwater velocity between surrounding of wells and aquifers is approximately two times. All flow directions of simulation results are matching with real direction in the aquifer .

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