背景：侵襲性子宮頸癌(invasive cervical cancer, ICC) 是女性愛滋病毒 (Human im-munodeficiency virus, HIV) 感染者相關愛滋診斷症候群之一，也是最常見的婦科癌症。而子宮頸抹片篩檢是目前可提早偵測女性愛滋病毒感染者子宮頸癌的工具，但綜觀國內外研究設計大多以小樣本及問卷調查方式為主，尚無長期且全國性的調查數據。
研究目的：本研究分析女性HIV感染者於2000-2009年子抹篩檢率趨勢，進而比較與一般婦女子抹篩檢率之差異及影響女性HIV感染者使用子抹篩檢之因素。
研究方法：採固定世代研究法，擷取全民健保資料庫2000~2009年共1500位18歲以上女性HIV感染者門診檔資料進回朔性資料分析，並以國民健康局2007-2009年子抹篩檢年報資料為參考組，運用標準化年齡、年度計算HIV感染者標準化篩檢比(the age-, and calendar year-specific standardized screening ratio, SSR)，而後再以多變項邏輯式迴歸描述影響HIV感染者使用子抹篩檢的因素。
結果：女性HIV感染者經診斷後一年內子抹篩檢率為12.0%，十年間至少做過一次子抹篩檢為30.7%。女性HIV感染者整體子抹篩檢利用率是一般婦女的0.74倍(SSR=0.74, 95% conference interval【CI】＝0.68-0.80）。影響女性感染者接受子抹篩檢的因素為；年齡越大 (adjusted odds ratio【AOR】=1.35, CI= 1.19-1.52)、高月投保收入 (AOR = 1.66, CI = 1.37-2.01)、先前曾被診斷相關子宮頸疾病(AOR =2.61, CI = 1.92-3.55)及伺機性感染病史者(AOR =2.54, CI = 1.96-3.31)。
結論：女性HIV感染者初診一年內僅12.0%曾經做過子抹篩檢，且整體篩檢率亦顯著低於一般婦女。建議國內相關健康政策應著重提昇女性HIV感染者子宮頸抹片篩檢率，且未來子抹宣導政策應著重於年紀較輕、低收入、無子宮頸相關疾病及伺機性感染病史之女性HIV感染者。

Backgound: HIV-infected women have a higher risk of suffering from cervical cancer compared with the HIV-uninfected women. Pap smear as a tool could early detect precancerous changes of uterine cervix among HIV-infected women.
However, previous studies examined the trend in screening based on the data from the studies of a small sample or self-report surveys. Longitudinal research with involvement of national survey has been scarce.
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the Pap screening rate among women with HIV during 2000-2009, to compare the rates of having Pap smears between HIV-infected women and a general population, and to identify factors associated with hav-ing Pap smears among HIV-infected women.
Methods: A population-based cohort design was conducted and a total of 1,500 certified HIV-infected women from National Health Insurance Database (NHID) between 2007 to 2009 were compared with the age-, and calendar year-specific screening rates of a general population from the database of Bureau of Health Promotion. The age-, and calendar year-specific standardized screening ratio (SSR) was used to estimate the difference in rates of having Pap smears between HIV-infected women and a general population. The multiple logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with having Pap smear among HIV-infected women.
Results: Only 12.0% HIV-infected women had Pap smears after being diagnosed with HIV within one year. Between 2000 to 2009, the cumulative screening rate reached to 66.13% among HIV-infected women. The SSR of HIV-infected women is lower than that of a general population (SSR=0.74, 95% conference interval【CI】=0.68-0.80). Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors associated with receiving Pap smear were: age (adjusted odds ratio【AOR】=1.35, CI= 1.19-1.52), higher monthly income (AOR = 1.66, CI = 1.37-2.01), previous of cervical disease (AOR =2.61, CI = 1.92-3.55) and a history of opportunist infection disease (AOR =2.54, CI = 1.96-3.31).
Conclusions: The findings recommended there shall be a great attention paid to HIV-infected women with younger, lower income, no previous cervical diseases and no history of opportunist infection disease.

丁志音、涂醒哲（2004）．感染病照護的選擇性歧視-醫師及牙醫師的愛滋病專業倫理觀與照護意願，台灣衛誌，23(1)，45-58。
王本仁、黃心苑、周穎政、李丞華、張鴻仁（2005）．全民健保子宮頸抹片檢查受檢情形影響因子分析-個體時間序列資料之實證研究，1997-2000．台灣衛誌，24(1)，33-42。
王佩芬（2000）．重新說故事--子宮頸抹片檢查．新竹市：清華大學。
吳岱穎、郭冠良、陳建志、林光洋、黃惠娟（2002）．子宮頸癌的篩檢．基層醫學， 19(12)，288-295。
吳淑蓉、蔡淑慧、曾惠芳、黃玉燕、王雅香、林淑媛（2010）．新移民婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查之障礙因素．護理雜誌，57(5)，36-46。
宋長霖、林藍萍、劉大文、林金定（2010）．照顧者對子宮頸抹片篩檢醫療資源的熟悉程度與相關影響因素分析．身心障礙研究，8(2)，99-110。
季瑋珠、賴佳君（2001）．全民健保預防保健服務使用率之分析．台灣衛誌，20(1)，43-51。
林惠賢、王琳華、劉淑敏、康啟杰（2003）．屏東地區婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查之相關因素．台灣衛誌，22(2)，127-133。
柯乃熒、賴怡因、劉曉穎、陳嬿今（2011）．以性別平等觀點檢視女性感染愛滋病毒的風險與照顧．台灣醫學，15(3)，304-309。
疾病管制局（2010）．73-98年底HIV感染人數年齡與性別統計．2010年9月28日取自http://www.cdc.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=11234&CtNode=1095&mp=220
翁慧卿（2006）．大高雄地區醫學中心門診病人預防保健行為利用概況與相關因素之研究．福爾摩沙醫管雜誌，2，19-27。
國民健康局（2009）．健康統計資訊-子宮頸抹片篩檢2007-2009年登記年報．2010年9月28日取自http://www.bhp.doh.gov.tw/BHPnet/Portal/StatisticsShow.aspx?No=201003110001
莊苹、蔡春美（2010）．女性愛滋病毒感染者子宮頸癌防治與建議．護理雜誌，57(1)，71-76。
張靖梅、林鋒獻（2009）．婦女未曾接受子宮頸抹片檢查之質性研究．護理暨健康照護研究，5(3)，211-219。
陳依琪、李弘暉、林宜柏、林雅雯、羅雅齡、呂怡佩（2008）．影響婦女進行子宮頸抹片檢查之因素探討-以三重新莊地區為例．亞東學報，28，47-56。
陳松吟、李玉春（2003）．全民健康保險子宮頸癌抹片篩檢使用型態六年之追蹤研究．台北：國立陽明大學。
黃月桂、葉明義、林勤豐（1998）．全民健康保險子宮頸抹片檢查之利用度研究．中華衛誌，17(1)，28-35。
黃彥芳、黃逸芯、潘力誠、謝雅汶、林重賢、王素華等（2005）．台灣2003年底15-49歲愛滋病毒感染估計盛行率．臺灣醫學，9(6)，713-721。
黃彥芳、劉慧蓉、許瀞今、陳松吟、劉姵伶、曾毓珊等（2009）．台灣婦女愛滋感染的流行現況與政策．愛之關懷季刊，67，6-14。
黃彥芳、謝雅汶、蔡淑芬、歐乃銘、蘇益仁（2005）．台灣愛滋病毒母子垂直感染個案之分析探討．臺灣公共衛生雜誌，24(3)，217-223。
劉慧蓉、唐珒淳、黃彥芳、楊靖慧（2010）．2004至2008年全國愛滋病毒篩檢情形．疫情報導，26(13)，184-189。
鄧瑞兆、黃慧姿（n. d.）．台灣城鄉人口與就業之區域經濟分析.2010年9月15日取自http://edoc.ypu.edu.tw-1.pdf
盧孳艷、阮月清（2003）．子宮頸抹片篩檢政策之身體政治．護理雜誌，50(5)，10-15。
簡大任、季瑋珠（1995）．台北市有偶婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查影響因素之探討．中華衛誌，14(2)，111-128。
魏淑慧、陳燕菁、陳玉麗、張家豪、陳美燕（2010）．北部地區新移民婦女健康促進行為之探討．長庚護理，21(2)，141-151。
Aday, L. A., & Andersen, R. (1974). A framework for the study of access to medical care. Health Serv Res, 9(3), 208-220.
Akinwuntan, A. L., Adesina, O. A., Okolo, C. A., Oluwasola, O. A., Oladokun, A., Ifemeje, A. A., et al. (2008). Correlation of cervical cytology and visual inspection with acetic acid in HIV-positive women. J Obstet Gynaecol, 28(6), 638-641.
Anderson, J. R., Paramsothy, P., Heilig, C., Jamieson, D. J., Shah, K., & Duerr, A. (2006). Accuracy of Papanicolaou test among HIV-infected women. CIin Infect Dis, 42(4), 562-568.
Batra, P., Kuhn, L., & Denny, L. (2010). Utilisation and outcomes of cervical cancer prevention services among HIV-infected women in Cape Town. Samj South African Medical Journal, 100(1), 39-44.
Branca, M., Rossi, E., Alderisio, M., Migliore, G., Morosini, P. L., Vecchione, A., et al. (2001). Performance of cytology and colposcopy in diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in HIV-positive and HIV-negative women. Cytopathology, 12(2), 84-93.
Carrieri, M. P., Chesney, M. A., Spire, B., Loundou, A., Sobel, A., Lepeu, G., et al. (2003). Failure to maintain adherence to HAART in a cohort of French HIV-positive injecting drug users. Int J Behav Med, 10(1), 1-14.
CDC. (1992). 1993 revised CIassification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults. MMWR Recomm Rep, 41(RR-17), 1-19.
CDC. (2007). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report. 19.
Chalermchockcharoenkit, A., Sirimai, K., & Chaisilwattana, P. (2006). High prevalence of cervical squamous cell abnormalities among HIV-infected women with immunological AIDS-defining illnesses. J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 32(3), 324-329.
Chen, M. J., Wu, M. Y., Yang, J. H., Chao, K. H., Yang, Y. S., & Ho, H. N. (2005). Increased frequency of genital human papillomavirus infection in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive Taiwanese women. J Formos Med Assoc, 104(1), 34-38.
Chin, K. M., Sidhu, J. S., Janssen, R. S., & Weber, J. T. (1998). Invasive cervical cancer in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and uninfected hospital patients. Obstet Gynecol, 92(1), 83-87.
Chirenje, Z. M. (2005). HIV and cancer of the cervix. [doi: DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2004.10.002]. Best Practice & Research CIinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 19(2), 269-276.
Dal Maso, L., Franceschi, S., Lise, M., De' Bianchi, P. S., Polesel, J., Ghinelli, F., et al. (2010). Self-reported history of Pap-smear in HIV-positive women in Northern Italy: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cancer, 10, 310.
Del Priore, G., Maag, T., Bhattacharya, M., Garcia, P. M., Till, M., & Lurain, J. R. (1995). The value of cervical cytology in HIV-infected women. Gynecol Oncol, 56(3), 395-398.
Duerr, A., Paramsothy, P., Jamieson, D. J., Heilig, C. M., Klein, R. S., Cu-Uvin, S., et al. (2006). Effect of HIV infection on atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance. CIin Infect Dis, 42(6), 855-861.
Fang, C. T., Chang, Y. Y., Hsu, H. M., Twu, S. J., Chen, K. T., Chen, M. Y., et al. (2007). Cost-effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in Taiwan. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 106(8), 631-640.
Franco, E. L., Villa, L. L., Sobrinho, J. P., Prado, J. M., Rousseau, M. C., Desy, M., et al. (1999). Epidemiology of acquisition and CIearance of cervical human papillomavirus infection in women from a high-risk area for cervical cancer. J Infect Dis, 180(5), 1415-1423.
Frisch, M., Biggar, R. J., Engels, E. A., & Goedert, J. J. (2001). Association of cancer with AIDS-related immunosuppression in adults. JAMA, 285(13), 1736-1745.
Goldie, S. J., Weinstein, M. C., Kuntz, K. M., & Freedberg, K. A. (1999a). The costs, CIinical benefits, and cost-effectiveness of screening for cervical cancer in HIV-infected women. Annals of Internal Medicine, 130(2), 97-107.
Goldie, S. J., Weinstein, M. C., Kuntz, K. M., & Freedberg, K. A. (1999b). The Costs, CIinical Benefits, and Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for Cervical Cancer in HIV-Infected Women. American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, 130, 97-107.
Grange, G., Malvy, D., Lancon, F., Gaudin, A. F., & El Hasnaoui, A. (2008). Factors associated with regular cervical cancer screening. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 102(1), 28-33.
Greer, C. E., Wheeler, C. M., Ladner, M. B., Beutner, K., Coyne, M. Y., Liang, H., et al. (1995). Human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution and serological response to HPV type 6 virus-like partiCIes in patients with genital warts. J CIin Microbiol, 33(8), 2058-2063.
Grulich, A. E., van Leeuwen, M. T., Falster, M. O., & Vajdic, C. M. (2007). Incidence of cancers in people with HIV/AIDS compared with immunosuppressed transplant recipients: a meta-analysis. Lancet, 370(9581), 59-67.
Holmes, R. S., Hawes, S. E., Toure, P., Dem, A., Feng, Q., Weiss, N. S., et al. (2009). HIV infection as a risk factor for cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Senegal. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 18(9), 2442-2446.
Hung, C. C., Hsiao, C. F., Chen, M. Y., Hsieh, S. M., Chang, S. Y., Sheng, W. H., et al. (2006). Improved survival of persons with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Taiwan. Jpn J Infect Dis, 59(4), 222-228.
Ibrahim, F. W., Schembri, G., Taha, H., Ariyanayagam, S., & Dhar, J. (2009a). Cervical surveillance in HIV-positive women: a genitourinary medicine CIinic experience. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care, 35(2), 101-103.
Ibrahim, F. W., Schembri, G., Taha, H., Ariyanayagam, S., & Dhar, J. (2009b). Cervical surveillance in HIV-positive women: a genitourinary medicine CIinic experience. [ArtiCIe]. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care, 35(2), 101-103.
Keiser, O., de Tejada, B. M., Wunder, D., Chapuis-Taillard, C., Zellweger, C., Zinkernagel, A. S., et al. (2006). Frequency of gynecologic follow-up and cervical cancer screening in the Swiss HIV cohort study. Jaids-Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 43(5), 550-555.
Kitchener, H., Nelson, L., Adams, J., Mesher, D., Sasieni, P., Cubie, H., et al. (2007). Colposcopy is not necessary to assess the risk to the cervix in HIV-positive women: an international cohort study of cervical pathology in HIV-1 positive women. Int J Cancer, 121(11), 2484-2491.
Kojic, E. M., & Cu-Uvin, S. (2007). Update: human papillomavirus infection remains highly prevalent and persistent among HIV-infected individuals. Curr Opin Oncol, 19(5), 464-469.
Korn, A. P., Autry, M., DeRemer, P. A., & Tan, W. (1994). Sensitivity of the Papanicolaou smear in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women. Obstet Gynecol, 83(3), 401-404.
Lee, J. M., Kelly, D., Gravitt, P. E., Fansler, Z., Maksem, J. A., & CIark, D. P. (2006). Validation of a low-cost, liquid-based screening method for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 195(4), 965-970.
Lehtovirta, P., Finne, P., Nieminen, P., Skogberg, K., Savonius, H., Paavonen, J., et al. (2006). Prevalence and risk factors of squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix among HIV-infected women - a long-term follow-up study in a low-prevalence population. Int J STD AIDS, 17(12), 831-834.
Logan, J. L., Khambaty, M. Q., D'Souza, K. M., & Menezes, L. J. (2010). Cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected women in a health department setting. AIDS Patient Care STDS, 24(8), 471-475.
Maiman, M., Fruchter, R. G., CIark, M., Arrastia, C. D., Matthews, R., & Gates, E. J. (1997). Cervical cancer as an AIDS-defining illness. Obstet Gynecol, 89(1), 76-80.
Massad, L. S., Ahdieh, L., Benning, L., Minkoff, H., Greenblatt, R. M., Watts, H., et al. (2001). Evolution of cervical abnormalities among women with HIV-1: evidence from surveillance cytology in the women's interagency HIV study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 27(5), 432-442.
Minkoff, H., Zhong, Y., Strickler, H. D., Watts, D. H., Palefsky, J. M., Levine, A. M., et al. (2008). The relationship between cocaine use and human papillomavirus infections in HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative women. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol, 2008, 587082.
Moodley, J. R., Constant, D., Hoffma, M., Salimo, A., Allan, B., Rybicki, E., et al. (2009). Human papillomavirus prevalence, viral load and pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix in women initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cancer, 9, 275-284.
Nelson, W., Moser, R. P., Gaffey, A., & Waldron, W. (2009a). Adherence to cervical cancer screening guidelines for U.S. women aged 25-64: data from the 2005 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). J Womens Health (Larchmt), 18(11), 1759-1768.
Nelson, W., Moser, R. P., Gaffey, A., & Waldron, W. (2009b). Adherence to Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines for US Women Aged 25-64: Data from the 2005 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Journal of Womens Health, 18(11), 1759-1768.
Oster, A. M., Sullivan, P. S., & Blair, J. M. (2009). Prevalence of Cervical Cancer Screening of HIV-Infected Women in the United States. [Proceedings Paper]. Jaids-Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 51(4), 430-436.
Parham, G. P., Sahasrabuddhe, V. V., Mwanahamuntu, M. H., Shepherd, B. E., Hicks, M. L., Stringer, E. M., et al. (2006). Prevalence and predictors of squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix in HIV-infected women in Lusaka, Zambia. Gynecologic Oncology, 103, 1017-1022.
Petry, K. U., Scheffel, D., Bode, U., Gabrysiak, T., Kochel, H., Kupsch, E., et al. (1994). Cellular immunodeficiency enhances the progression of human papillomavirus-associated cervical lesions. Int J Cancer, 57(6), 836-840.
Rahangdale, L., Sarnquist, C., Yavari, A., Blumenthal, P., & Israelski, D. (2010a). Frequency of cervical cancer and breast cancer screening in HIV-infected women in a county-based HIV CIinic in the Western United States. J Womens Health (Larchmt), 19(4), 709-712.
Rahangdale, L., Sarnquist, C., Yavari, A., Blumenthal, P., & Israelski, D. (2010b). Frequency of Cervical Cancer and Breast Cancer Screening in HIV-Infected Women in a County-Based HIV CIinic in the Western United States. Journal of Womens Health, 19(4), 709-712.
Robinson, W. R., Luck, M. B., Kendall, M. A., & Darragh, T. M. (2003). The predictive value of cytologic testing in women with the human immunodeficiency virus who have low-grade squamous cervical lesions: a substudy of a randomized, phase III chemoprevention trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 188(4), 896-900.
Sahasrabuddhe, V. V., Bhosale, R. A., Joshi, S. N., Kavatkar, A. N., Nagwanshi, C. A., Kelkar, R. S., et al. (2010). Prevalence and Predictors of Colposcopic-Histopathologically Confirmed Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in HIV-Infected Women in India. PLoS One, 5(1), e8634.
Saslow, D., Runowicz, C. D., Solomon, D., Moscicki, A. B., Smith, R. A., Eyre, H. J., et al. (2002). American Cancer Society guideline for the early detection of cervical neoplasia and cancer. CA Cancer J CIin, 52(6), 342-362.
Schuman, P., Ohmit, S. E., Klein, R. S., Duerr, A., Cu-Uvin, S., Jamieson, D. J., et al. (2003). Longitudinal study of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and at-risk HIV-seronegative women. J Infect Dis, 188(1), 128-136.
Sohler, N. L., Li, X., & Cunningham, C. O. (2009). Gender disparities in HIV health care utilization among the severely disadvantaged: can we determine the reasons? AIDS Patient Care & STDs, 23(9), 775-783.
Soldan, V. A. P., Lee, F. H., Carcamo, C., Holmes, K. K., Garnett, G. P., & Garcia, P. (2008). Who is getting Pap smears in urban Peru? . International Journal of Epidemiology, 37(4), 862-869.
Solomon, D., Schiffman, M., & Tarone, R. (2001). Comparison of three management strategies for patients with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance: baseline results from a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst, 93(4), 293-299.
Spinillo, A., Tenti, P., Baltaro, F., Piazzi, G., Iasci, A., & De Santolo, A. (1996). Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in pregnant intravenous drug users infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 68(1-2), 175-178.
Steben, M., & Duarte-Franco, E. (2007). Human papillomavirus infection: epidemiology and pathophysiology. Gynecol Oncol, 107(2 Suppl 1), S2-5.
Sun, X. W., Kuhn, L., Ellerbrock, T. V., Chiasson, M. A., Bush, T. J., & Wright, T. C., Jr. (1997). Human papillomavirus infection in women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. N Engl J Med, 337(19), 1343-1349.
TCDC. (2010, December 31, 2010). Updated HIV/AIDS statistics in Taiwan. Retrieved January 15, 2011 from http://www.cdc.gov.tw/ch/ShowTopicText.ASP?TopicID=416
Tello, M. A., Yeh, H. C., Keller, J. M., Beach, M. C., Anderson, J. R., & Moore, R. D. (2008). HIV Women's Health: A Study of Gynecological Healthcare Service Utilization in a US Urban CIinic Population. [ArtiCIe]. Journal of Womens Health, 17(10), 1609-1614.
UNAIDS/WHO. (2010). UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic 2010. Gevena: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS); World Health Organization (WHO).
Wake, R. M., Rebe, K., & Burch, V. C. (2008). Patient perception of cervical screening among women living with human immuno-deficiency virus infection attending an antiretroviral therapy CIinic in urban South Africa. [ArtiCIe]. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 29(1), 44-48.
Walboomers, J. M., Jacobs, M. V., Manos, M. M., Bosch, F. X., Kummer, J. A., Shah, K. V., et al. (1999). Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol, 189(1), 12-19.
WHO. (2009). 10 FACTS ABOUT WOMEN'S HEALTH, Retrieved from Sep. 20, 2011 www.who.int/gender
Wright, T. C., Jr., Ellerbrock, T. V., Chiasson, M. A., Van Devanter, N., & Sun, X. W. (1994). Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus: prevalence, risk factors, and validity of Papanicolaou smears. New York Cervical Disease Study. Obstet Gynecol, 84(4), 591-597.
Yamada, R., Sasagawa, T., Kirumbi, L. W., Kingoro, A., Karanja, D. K., Kiptoo, M., et al. (2008). Human papillomavirus infection and cervical abnormalities in Nairobi, Kenya, an area with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Med Virol, 80(5), 847-855.
Yang, C. H., Huang, Y. F., Hsiao, C. F., Yeh, Y. L., Liou, H. R., Hung, C. C., et al. (2008). Trends of mortality and causes of death among HIV-infected patients in Taiwan, 1984-2005. HIV Med, 9(7), 535-543.
Yeh, C. C., Liao, C. C., Muo, C. H., Chang, S. N., Hsieh, C. H., Chen, F. N., et al. (2011). Mental disorder as a risk factor for dog bites and post-bite cellulitis. Injury.