在無線感測網路中，如何有效率使用節點能量成為了提升網路壽命的關鍵，針於坐落於不同區域的節點(如:叢集的中心與邊緣區域)能量消耗也會有所不同，平衡每個節點的能量使用率，也是延長網路壽命的議題之一，對於叢集首領的選擇方式，假如忽略叢集首領地理位置影響選擇叢集首領，將會增加內部傳輸的能量消耗，據我們所知，普瓦松節點分布對於現存的研究中尚未被考量進去，這種節點分布較貼近現實的生活的情況。在這篇論文中，考慮了普瓦松節點分布的地理影響，並提出兩項方法來延長網路使用壽命，第一，權重剩餘能量與距離叢集首領演算法，將叢集首領盡量選擇於叢集中心的區域，以此降低叢及內部傳送的消耗能量。第二，為了舒緩節點密度較高的區域，提出了邊緣區域次群集形成方案，以上這兩種方式在模擬結果中，不只能夠節省及平衡節點的能量消耗還能夠提升網路壽命以及降低傳輸中斷率。

In the wireless sensor network (WSN), how to efficiently utilize the energy of each sensor node is the key to prolong the network lifetime. The balance of energy consumption among the nodes located at different areas, e.g. the central and edge areas, also plays another important role in the scenario of lifetime prolongation. Nevertheless, the energy efficiency of the whole network can be severely reduced if the geography of network topology is ignored in the cluster head (CH) selection. To our best knowledge, the geography effect of Poison point process (PPP) has not yet been investigated in the existing cluster head (CH) selection algorithm.
In this paper, considering the PPP geography effect, the weighted residual energy and distance (WRED) algorithm is proposed to favor the nodes positioned near the cluster center with more energy in the CH selection. On top of this algorithm, the edge sub-clustering (ESC) scheme is further developed to alleviate the effect of non-uniform distribution of nodes on the edge. Additionally, frame-by-frame CH and sub-CH reselection is also designed to reinforce the effectiveness of the proposed WRED and ESC schemes. In this fashion, not only the energy conservation but also the balance of energy consumption can be significantly improved, which can contribute to longer network lifetime and lower outage probability.

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