| 研究生: |
王翊珊 Wang, Yi-Shan |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
建置導風壩以活化恆春機場之可行性分析 Feasibility Study on Revitalization of Hengchun Airport by Building Deflector Fences |
| 指導教授: |
王大中
Wang, Ta-Chung |
| 共同指導教授: |
賴維祥
Lai, Wei-Hsiang |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 民航研究所 Institute of Civil Aviation |
| 論文出版年: | 2019 |
| 畢業學年度: | 107 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 58 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 恆春機場 、落山風 、Ansys 、導風結構 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Hengchun Airport, Downhill wind, Ansys CFX, Deflector fences |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:61 下載:0 |
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墾丁擁有豐富的觀光資源,是台灣熱門的觀光景點之一,每到觀光旺季總會湧入大量的人潮。然而要前往位於恆春半島的墾丁地區交通並不便利,以往進出恆春半島僅能依賴台1線及台26線,僅依靠陸路交通並不能消化旅遊旺季帶來的大量觀光人潮,因此政府於民國93年整建恆春機場,希望以空運交通舒緩旅遊旺季時交通堵塞的情況。在恆春機場開放民用的初期確實對整頓交通起到了良好的作用,然而卻因為恆春地區特有的落山風氣候的影響,預計降落恆春機場的航班常常因為強勁的跑道側風而被迫轉降鄰近機場,導致恆春機場的起降架次逐年減少,自民國104年起便不再有民航機的起降。為因應屏東地區豐富的天然觀光資源與特殊的風俗民情,以及緊急運輸和救災任務,活化恆春機場的規劃是重要且必要的。
在恆春機場開放營運的末期,最後在恆春航線營運的機型為立榮航空的ATR-72,根據其飛行員操作手冊中所提及的規範,ATR-72在乾跑道降落時可承受的最大跑道側風為18公尺/秒。然而,恆春當地的落山風氣候平均風速約為16.7公尺/秒,最大風速卻可達24公尺/秒,遠超過ATR-72可承受的側風風速上限。本研究預計在恆春機場跑道旁建立包含側向導流結構與向上導流結構兩種結構的大型導風結構物,側向導流結構為垂直立於地面之直立翼型,與落山風的來向呈現約45度的夾角,引導落山風的風向,使原本完全垂直於跑道的落山風在流經側向導風結構後轉向,削弱落山風垂直於跑道的正向側風向量。本研究經模擬軟體Ansys模擬後發現,若只採用側向導風結構落山風的方向改變效果有限,跑道處正向側風低於目標值18公尺/秒的可用範圍較為狹窄,短距離內風向的快速改變所產生的風切現象反而不利於航機的起降,而向上導流結構則可以使落山風向上抬升,在向上導流結構後方產生氣流回流區,輔助側向導流結構,使離開側向導流結構的氣流產生更大角度的轉向,增加導流結構的成效,令跑道處側風的風速小於18公尺/秒的可用範圍大幅增加,以增加航機ATR-72在恆春機場起降的飛行安全。
研究成果顯示建立大型導風結構可以有效的降低側風風速,依據側向導風結構之翼型、角度、間距、離地高度等因素的變化,歸納出最適合的導風結構為:以NACA0030等相對厚度較大的對稱翼為側向導風結構之翼型結構,選擇角度約為45°、間距為7公尺的導風結構,此結構減緩側風的速度曲線相對平穩且可用範圍相對較廣。未來可以使用3D列印技術進行風洞實驗驗證實際導風效果以及針對導風結構進行受力分析。
Kenting is a popular tourist attraction in Taiwan, so it is typically crowded every sightseeing season. However, highway transportation to Kenting is not very convenient. As a result, the government began to rebuild Hengchun airport in 2004, hoping to solve the problems related to traffic jams. Hengchun airport really helped significantly with transportation problems during the first few years, but the number of passengers in Hengchun airport has become significantly less since that time. One of the reasons for this change was the strong downhill winds in the Hengchun area. High-speed winds crossing the runway cause issues for airplanes during takeoff and landing. The development of the tourist industry and provision of emergency evacuation and disaster relief are critical to the revitalization of Hengchun airport.
To solve the problems related to the crosswinds at Hengchun airport, this thesis proposes to build a giant deflector fence next to the runway to change the direction of the downhill wind and slow it down. The structures of this giant deflector fences comprised two different parts: horizontal and vertical deflector fences. Setting these two structures together was an attempt to reduce the crosswind speed to lower than a target value of 18 m/s to contribute to the goal of revitalizing Hengchun airport.
In this study, ANSYS software is used to conduct a fluid field analysis of simulations. The results showed that giant deflector fences can efficiently reduce the crosswind speeds. Finally, it is concluded that the best deflector fences structure is a vertical deflector fences combined with a horizontal deflector fences, with NACA0030 airfoils angled at 45˚ set at an interval distance of 7m in the horizontal deflector fences.
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校內:2022-07-01公開