為能提升廢棄鋰離子電池的回收價值並促進循環經濟，本文針對廢棄鋰離子電池設計其剩餘能量的回收電路，且為了增加剩餘能量的萃取效率，本文所使用回收剩餘能量的方法，結合電池剩餘能量的估測、並聯電池間的放電平衡、自適應性的脈波放電、電池回復效應鬆弛時間的控制以及超級電容器模組自變串並聯的切換等五個機制。為提升廢棄電池放電能量的萃取，於萃取剩餘能量前，需先估測廢電池的剩餘能量，再選擇剩餘能量接近之廢電池來同步放電，其是由而欲放電的電池顆數可以至少1顆至多12顆。為減少並聯電池於同步放電時，產生自發性的相互充放電，而使用主動式平衡電路並加以改良，用以提升放電能量與改善放電不完全現象。自適應性的脈波放電是透過脈波放電本身交互給予電池放電導通與暫態靜置時間，以使電池內部電解液平衡擴散空間來提高廢棄電池萃取效率；同時藉由量測電池組平均放電電流值，選擇出最佳脈波放電頻率與責任週期來優化脈波放電。電池回復效應鬆弛時間的控制乃是透過停止放電待電池電壓回升後，將會再生新的剩餘能量可供再次萃取，藉此提高廢電池剩餘能量的萃取。超級電容器模組自變串並聯的切換機制係利用電路切換的方式，使廢電池的端電壓與儲能端擁有較大的勢能差，用以提高能量轉換效率。由實驗結果得知，本文所提方法之最終剩餘能量回收效率約為57.52 %，相較於短路放電法與定頻脈波放電法，其分別約可提升11.74 %以及9.39 %的回收效率。本文剩餘能量之萃取電路期可提供廢電池回收廠商在裂解電池前，先回收電池內部剩餘能量，進而有效利用能源。

For the purpose of increasing the recovering value of recycled Li-ion batteries and increasing circular economy, this thesis designs a circuit to recover residual energy from recycled Li-ion batteries so as to increase the extraction efficiency based on five mechanisms including battery residual energy estimation, discharge balance method between parallel batteries, self-adaptive pulse discharge method, battery relaxation time control, and supercapacitor self-vary series-parallel energy storage. Before extracting the residual energy from batteries, the residual energy needs to be estimated. The closer residual energy of the batteries selected to discharge, the more residual energy can be recovered. The discharge balance mechanism between parallel batteries makes Li-ion batteries discharge synchronously to improve the phenomenon of incomplete discharge, thereby reducing the spontaneous mutual charge and discharge between batteries. The number of batteries to discharge for recovering the residual energy can be at least 1 to 12. The self-adaptive pulse discharge method is used for different frequencies of pulse discharge to provide Li-ion batteries resting time, which can help electrolyte in the batteries to reach equilibrium and can increase the amount of draining the residual energy. In addition, the optimal pulse discharge frequency and duty cycle are determined by measuring the average discharge current of the battery pack to optimize the pulse discharge method. The battery relaxation time control is to regenerate new residual energy by temporarily stopping the discharge and regain in battery voltage, which can further improve the drained energy from batteries. The supercapacitor self-vary series-parallel energy storage mechanism is used for switching the circuit to effectively improve energy conversion efficiency. According to the experimental results, the extraction efficiency of the drained residual energy from the discarded Li-ion batteries with the proposed approach is about 57.52%, which is nearly 11.74% and 9.39% higher than using the short circuit discharge method and the pulse discharge method.

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