| 研究生: |
葉明紳 Yeh, Ming-Shen |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
隔震結構等值參數識別與反應預估模型之建立研究 Identification and Evaluation of the Equivalent Models of Base-isolated Structures |
| 指導教授: |
朱世禹
Chu, Shih-Yu |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2013 |
| 畢業學年度: | 101 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 262 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 隔震結構物 、系統識別 、隔震元件 、雙線性模型 、等值反應預估模型 、彈性勁度 、降伏勁度 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Base-isolated structure, system identification, isolation devices, bi-linear model, equivalent model, elastic stiffness, yielded stiffness |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:148 下載:6 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
近年來各種採用隔震技術之隔震結構物急速增加,所以對於隔震結構物受到實際地震作用時之動態行為及隔震效益研究相當迫切且重要,而且對於隔震元件之等值特性識別,將有助於後續之監測維修及安全保固之依據。本文應用中央氣象局安裝於隔震結構之實際地震反應量測資料,並配合OKID/ERA 系統識別技術,進行隔震層上部結構系統之參數識別,以獲得上部結構之等值反應預估模型;同時藉由假設鉛心橡膠支承雙線性模型之特性,並根據推導之結構等值慣性力能夠等同於隔震層總橫力之方法,繪出等值遲滯迴圈並識別隔震層下方等值之隔震元件參數;綜整上述兩類等值模型參數,則可建立健康狀態下隔震結構等值反應預估模型。本文除應用SAP2000軟體進行模擬與驗證,更進一步利用中央氣象局於花蓮慈濟醫院急診大樓之實測資料,探究其隔震行為與效益,並建立其等值反應預估模擬模型。最後利用實際量測反應資料與等值反應預估模擬模型之預估反應進行比較,探討其適用性與正確性。
In recent years, various types of base isolation devices are applied in building structures around the world. Therefore, not only the identification of isolated behavior but also the evaluation of isolation performance is very important to provide the base for long-term health monitoring and safety insurance. The procedures to establish the equivalent model of a base-isolated building structure based on measured responses are proposed in this study. The OKID/ERA identification technique is adopted to identify the dynamic parameters of equivalent super-structure model. Furthermore, the bi-linear model of typical lead rubber bearing is applied to find the equivalent isolation model by investigating the hysteresis model constructed from the method of equivalent inertia force and the measured inter-story drift between the isolation layers. Both SAP2000 models and the recorded strong-motion data of emergency building of Tzu-Chi hospital in Hualien are investigated and evaluated. The predicted responses of the identified equivalent model are compared and good agreements are achieved. The applicability and accuracy of the proposed procedures are ensured.
[1] Chang KC, Hwang JS , Wang Sj. Applications of Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation Systems to Buildings in Taiwn. Proceedings of the JSSI 15th Anniversary International Symposium on Seismic Response Controlled Buildings for sustainable Society, Tokyo, Japan, 2009.
[2] Gilbert EG. Controllability and Observability in Multivariable Control Systems. SIAM Journal on Contro 1963; 1(2): 128-151.
[3] Ho, BL, Kalman RE. Effective Construction of Linear State Variable Models from Input/Output Data. Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Allerton Conference on Circuit and System Theory 1965; pp.449-459.
[4] Juang JN, Pappa RS. An Eigensystem Realization Algorithm for Modal Parameter Identification and Model Reduction. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 1985; 8(5): 620-627.
[5] Juang JN. Mathematical Correlation of Modal Parameter Identification Methods via System Realization Theory. International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis 1987; 2(1): 1-18.
[6] Juang JN. Applied system identification. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs: N.J., 1994.
[7] Kelly JM. Aseismic base isolation: review and bibliography. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 1986; 5(3): 202-216.
[8] Kelly JM, D Konstantinidis. Mechanics of Rubber Bearings for Seismic and Vibration Isolation. John Wiley & Sons: New York, 2011.
[9] Kalman RE. Mathematical Description of Linear Dynamical Systems. SIAM Journal on Control 1963; 1(2): 152-192.
[10] Kung S. A New Identification and Model Reduction Algorithm Via Singular Value Decomposition. 12th Asilomar Conference on Circuits, Systems and Computers, Pacific Grove, California, 1978; pp.705-714.
[11] Liu KS, Shin TC, Tsai YB. A free field strong motion network in Taiwan: TSMIP. TAO 1999; 10(2): 377-396.
[12] Ming-Chih Huang, Yen-Po Wang, Jer-Rong Chang, Yi-Hsuan Chen. Physical-Parameter Identification of Base-Isolated Buildings Using Backbone Curves. ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering 2009; 135(9): 1107-1114.
[13] Naeim F, JM Kelly. Design of Seismic Isolated Structures :form theory to practice. John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1999.
[14] Phan M, Horta LG, Juang JN, Longman RW. Improvement of Observer/Kalman Filter Identification (OKID) by Residual Whitening. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 1995; 117(2): 232-239.
[15] Seon M Han, Haym Benaroya, Timothy Wei. Dynamics of Transversely Vibrating Beams Using Four Engineering Theories. Journal of Sound and Vibration 1999; 255(5): 935-988.
[16] Skinner RI, Robinson WH, Mcverry GH. Seismic isolation in New Zealand. Nuclear Engineering and Design 1991; 127(2): 281-289.
[17] Wu YM, Shin TC, Chang CH. Near Realtime Prediction of PGA and PGV Maps. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 2001.
[18] Zeiger HP, McEwan AJ. Approximate Linear Realization of Given Dimension Via Ho's Algorithm. IEEE Transactions Automatic Control 1974; AC-19(2): 153.
[19] 林敏朝、柯鎮洋、張國鎮、曾惠斌,「隔震結構承受實際地震反應之探討-以慈濟醫院花蓮合心樓為例」,結構工程學刊,第25卷,第3期,第25-36頁(2010)。
[20] 中央氣象局,「花蓮慈濟醫院急診大樓結構物強震監測系統裝設計畫」,2004。
[21] 內政部營建署,「建築物耐震設計規範與解說」,建築管理組,2011。
[22] 盧煉元、鍾立來,「國內外結構控制技術之進展」,土木技術(防災科技專題),第14期,第81-95頁(1999)。
[23] 盧煉元,結構隔減震技術授課講義,國立高雄第一科技大學營建工程系,高雄,2012。
[24] 盧煉元,「滑動支承類隔震技術概論」,結構隔減震技術講習會,高雄,第1-38頁(2013)。
[25] 辛在勤,「台灣地區強地動觀測計畫」,台灣地區強地動觀測計畫研討會,第1-10頁(1993)。
[26] 中央氣象局地震中心,「地球物理資料管理系統」,中央氣象局,from http://gdms.cwb.gov.tw,2006。
[27] 中央氣象局地震中心,「20年週年專刊」,中央氣象局,from http://gdms.cwb.gov.tw/20,2009。
[28] 王國書,「結構動態反應訊號自動監測系統於剛心識別之應用」,碩士論文,國立成功大學土木工程研究所,台南(2007)。
[29] 方璿堯,「應用OKID/ERA識別方法校正結構反應預估圖之建立流程」,碩士論文,國立成功大學土木工程研究所,台南(2010)。
[30] 蔡宜真,「中間層隔震縮尺建築物振動台試驗研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學土木工程研究所,台北(2007)。
[31] 江春琴,「中間樓層隔震建築之耐震行為研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學土木工程研究所,台北(2007)。
[32] 林孟慧,「中間樓層隔震結構之模耦合效應研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學土木工程研究所,台北(2008)。
[33] 汪向榮,「中間樓層隔震建築之耐震行為分析與試驗研究」,博士論文,國立台灣大學土木工程研究所,台北(2010)。
[34] 洪瑩真,「中間樓層隔震建築物之試驗,設計與監測研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學土木工程研究所,台北(2010)。
[35] 連福橡膠製品股份有公司,「產品介紹」,from http://www.lienfoo.com/index1-3.asp。
[36] 黃銘智,「鉛心橡膠支承橋梁之系統識別-考慮土壤效應」,博士論文,國立台灣大學土木工程研究所,台北(2001)。
[37] 黃震興、許丁友、鄭橙標、周志雄、王孔君,「LRB隔震房層結構之三軸向地震力試驗研究」,國家地震工程研究中心報告,編號 NCREE-99-015,台北(1999)。
[38] 汪向榮、蕭佳益、洪瑩真、黃震興、張國鎮,「中間樓層隔震結構振動台試驗研究」,國家地震工程研究中心報告,編號 NCREE-10-024,台北(2010)。