基於剪犂分離效應常數模式，討論中碳鋼外徑車削製程之剪切區與犁切區的製程阻尼作用。建立瞬時剪犂切削力對 y, z 方向振動速度之一階近似模式，定義剪犂常數對兩方向震動速度之一階偏導數為剪切阻尼與犁切阻尼。加工系統總阻尼為機台之結構阻尼與剪切阻尼、犁切阻尼的總和，為研究加工穩定性受剪犂阻尼的影響，設計顫振實驗分析剪切阻尼、犁切阻尼在不同切速、切屑厚度、切削負載等額定製程參數下的趨勢。實驗結果顯示兩者對額定切速變化不敏感，與額定切屑厚度具有顯著函數關係。剪切阻尼無論何種切削條件，皆為正阻尼，其量值約為 1500~4000 MPa-s/m，說明剪切區具有較強的應變硬化作用 犁切阻尼量值約為 -140~-70 N/mm-s/m，具負阻尼之特性，較大的系統動態使犁切區的發生熱軟化並降低切削阻力，引發負阻尼效應。基於動態切屑負載與瞬時切削速度的耦合關係，建立非線性車削模式，應用數值積分方法證實剪犂製程阻尼的高階耦合作用能建構穩定吸引子並生成極限環，依據極限環之生成邊界得繪製臨界切深曲線圖以及臨界切屑負載曲線圖。兩者皆顯示在現有的實驗區間中，僅發生主顫振現象，再生顫振不可能發生。若一材料具有與中碳鋼相似之切削力-切速負斜率關係，應妥善考量本文研究所論之剪犂製程阻尼作用，以迴避可能發生之主顫振現象。

This paper presents an analysis of the process damping effect under shearing and ploughing area, respectively, and the primary chatter under velocity-introduced shearing and ploughing damping effect in the peripheral outer-diameter turning of medium carbon steel. A first-order approximation model of the instant tool vibration speed and the dynamic specific cutting forces effected by shearing and ploughing area was established and the slope to y and z directional vibration speed were defined as the shearing damping and ploughing damping to investigate the shearing and ploughing damping with respect to the nominal cutting conditions. The total system damping was the sum of the shearing and ploughing damping and the structural damping determining the system stability and inducing the primary chatter. The shearing and ploughing damping were obtained through chatter experiments under various speeds, feeds, and depths of cut by using a tool holder with force sensors and accelerometers. Both of the shearing and ploughing damping gave strong linear to nominal chip thickness of 0.058 to 0.118 mm which ranged from 1500~4000 MPa-s/m and -140~-70 N/mm-s/m, but they were insensitive to cutting speed under 2.5 to 5.5 m/s. Positive shearing damping shown that strain hardening effect was dominant in shearing area; negative ploughing damping shown that heat softening effect was stronger that strain hardening, thus reduced the system stability and induced primary chatter. Considering the coupling of the instant chip thickness and cutting speed, a nonlinear turning model with shearing and ploughing damping was established. The numerical integration method shown the high-order coupling of shearing damping can construct a stable attractor and form limit cycle. A limiting cutting depth curve and chip load curve were calculated by the limit cycle forming condition which shown the conventional regenerative chatter won’t happened but the primary chatter was dominant, the shearing and ploughing damping are necessary guidance on preventing the primary chatter.

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