淤積是水庫固有的問題，全世界水庫淤積速率每年平均約為1％，但亞洲地區的淤積速率要高得多。台灣的氣候和地理條件使淤積問題特別嚴重。水庫淤積的迅速增加，使儲水量明顯下降，對水庫功能造成嚴重影響。
本研究中以水庫淤泥替代傳統高嶺土為合成群青之原料，提供淤泥的一個再利用方式，相較於高嶺土，水庫淤泥不需要預熱處理，使其成為有競爭力的工業原料。
本研究利用水力分級將水庫淤泥細粒部分分離出，其主要組成為石英、黏土礦物伊萊石及斜綠泥石。將細粒部分與碳酸鈉、硫和活性碳混合煅燒以探討反應條件，原料比例、煅燒時間及溫度，與產物的礦物組成及顏色性質之關係。
產物之礦物相及形態以XRD和SEM分析，顏色性質以積分球式分光光度儀量測，並以CIE Lab系統表示。結果顯示，淤泥之矽鋁比隨分級樣粒徑減小而降低，高矽鋁比產物之青金石繞射峰及色彩屬性均低於低矽鋁比者。原料粒徑的減小可加速反應，然對於青金石相之生成與增進色彩屬性，矽鋁比更具決定性，青金石相比例最高者，產物色彩表現並非最好，在產物色彩表現上，發色基最大生成量之反應條件，為800℃、8 h，又較青金石相之結構為更關鍵之因素。
淤泥：碳酸鈉：硫：活性碳之配比1：1.5：1.5：0.2，在800℃下煆燒8小時，為合成群青之最適參數。本研究成功合成了高彩度藍色群青粉末，最佳色度為53.47，可與商業群青競爭。

Sedimentation is always an existing problem of reservoirs. Reservoir sedimentation occurs worldwide at a rate of about 1 percent per year, but the sedimentation rate in many regions such as Asia is much higher. The climatic and physiographic conditions of Taiwan make siltation problems particularly serious. The silt in reservoirs increases rather rapidly and the effective volume of water reserving decreases significantly, bringing about severe damage to the functions of reservoirs.
In this study, reservoir silts were used to synthesize ultramarine, instead of the traditional kaolin clay as raw materials. The use of reservoir silts not only provides a possible usable way of the reservoir silts, also possesses advantages of free charge and easy availability. In addition, reservoir silts become potential industrial raw materials rather than wastes.
The reservoir silt was hydraulically classified to separate out the fine part, which the main mineral composition is illite clay. The fine part was mixed with sodium carbonate, sulfur, and activated carbon, and calcined. The reaction conditions, such as raw materials ratio, calcination temperature and mineral composition of silts on the product phase and color properties, were investigated.
The products were examined by XRD and SEM to identify the mineral phases and particle morphology. The color characteristics were measured according to the CIELab system. The results showed that the Si/Al ratio of silts decreased with the decreasing of the samples size. The diffraction peaks of lazurite and the color properties derived from high Si/Al ratio samples were inferior than those from low Si/Al ratios. The reduction of raw material particle size can speed up the reaction, however, the Si/Al ratio is more influential on the formation of lazurite phase and the color properties of the products. Highest peaks of lazurite don’t guarantee better color properties. For color performances, the reaction conditions for effective generation of chromophores are temperature and time of calcination.
The optimal proportion of raw materials are silts: sodium carbonate: sulfur: activated carbon= 1: 1.5: 1.5: 0.2, and calcination at 800℃ for 8 h. Brilliant blue ultramarine powders were successfully synthesized with a chroma of 53.47, which is competitive with the commercial ultramarine.

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