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研究生：	李孟軒 Lee, Meng-Hsuan
論文名稱：	以使用者為導向之3D列印市集網站擴增實境展示介面發展之研究 A Study on the Development of User-Centered Augmented Reality Interfaces of the 3D Printing Online Marketplaces
指導教授：	劉說芳 Liu, Shuo-Fang
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	規劃與設計學院 - 工業設計學系 Department of Industrial Design
論文出版年：	2017
畢業學年度：	105
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	114
中文關鍵詞：	3D列印市集網站、Kano Model 、擴增實境、使用性評估、人機互動介面
外文關鍵詞：	3D Printing Online Marketplace, Kano Model, Augmented Reality, Usability, Human–Computer Interface
相關次數：	點閱：205 下載：2
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隨著3D列印發展趨勢的轉變，許多3D列印雲端服務網站，重視以3D列印市集的型態來開發電子商務應用服務。讓即便完全不懂3D列印原理的消費者，也能選購自己喜愛的3D列印產品，但創新的電子商務模式往往會聚焦於追求技術與功能上的高品質，而忽略消費者內心的真正需求。
本研究為一個以使用者為中心之3D列印市集網站擴增實境(AR)展示介面的發展過程。研究首先，透過潛在使用者需求調查，歸納出需求項目，接著建立與實施KANO 品質雙向問卷，分類出KANO需求品質類型與計算使用者滿意度係數，並分析出使用者滿意度指標。問卷結果顯示，分類在「魅力需求」之屬性的使用者需求有：「有商品塗裝教學」、「可預覽商品搭配」、「商品預覽方式有趣」。在發展網站時，若提昇這些特色的重要性，將能大幅度的提升使用者對網站的滿意度，可成為網站具差異化的特色。另外，不滿意度係數(D)最高為「資訊內容正確」。滿意度係數(S)較高的，除了原先分類於魅力需求的三項，另外一項則是「可預覽商品尺寸比例」。本研究運用擴增實境科技能將虛擬3D物件，透過影像辨識，以圖卡為媒介，疊加在使用者的真實空間的特點，合理且策略性的對應於「魅力需求」與滿意係數較高的使用者需求項目，進行3D列印市集擴增實境展示介面的實作。
研究最後藉由實驗設計進行介面使用性評估，比較受測者對於操作「一般型」與「擴增實境型」之使用者評價態度，結果顯示「擴增實境型」展示介面皆屬正向評價的回應，特別是「商品認知」與「滿意度」的項目具顯著性，研究中所制訂簡化的擴增實境使用流程，經由執行驗證實驗觀察下是合理可行的，綜合上述，可說明介面對於使用者是具親和性與有效性的。

As the development trends of 3D printing service changes, many 3D printing websites nowadays largely use the model of 3D printing marketplace in order to carry out their e-commerce services. Hence, consumers who have no ideas about 3D printing theories are able to purchase their favored 3D printing products. A brand-new e-commerce model, however, usually tends to pursue the advancement of technique and function but ignores the real demand of customers.
This study demonstrated the development of user-centered augmented reality (AR) interfaces of the 3D printing online marketplaces. At first, it summarized the demand categories of users by potential demand surveys. Then, it implemented the Kano questionnaire and its two dimensional quality model to sort out the categories of quality attributes, to calculate customer satisfaction coefficients, and to analyze the satiation criteria.
The result of the survey showed that the customer demands categorized as the "attractive requirement" include: " assembling and painting instructions ", "product
match-up preview", and "playful product preview". If these features can be prioritized during website design process, we not only can massively enhance customers' satisfaction toward our websites but also differentiate ours from others. Besides, the category with the highest extent of dissatisfaction was "correct information". Others with higher extent of satisfaction were those abovementioned three features with attractive quality, plus "product size and proportion preview".
This study used augmented reality technique to overlay fictional 3D objects, through image recognition system and visual tags, upon a space in the reality. It strategically targeted those customer demands within both attractive requirement and with higher extent of satisfaction, then practically created an augmented reality interface for 3D printing online market, and assessed its usability.
This study conducted an experiment which asked participants to experience both "normal interface" and "augmented reality interface" of the 3D printing online markets and then compared participants' reaction. The result showed that participants gave positive reaction toward "augmented reality interface". Particularly, the categories such as "product awareness" and "satisfaction" showed statistical significance. Additionally, this study formulated a simplified usage procedure of augmented reality, which was verified to be reasonably applicable by abovementioned experiments. In conclusion, the augmented reality interface proves to be friendly and applicable for users.

Abstract (in Chinese) I
Abstract II
Acknowledgement	IV
Contents V
List of Tables VIII
List of Figures	IX
Chapter 1  Introduction	1
1 Background	1
2 The Scope of this Dissertation 3
3 The Research Structure 4
Chapter 2  Academic Literature Review 6
1 3D Printing	6
1.1 3D Printing Production Process 6
1.2 The Types of 3D Printers	8
1.3 The Development of 3D Printing 8
1.4 The Application and Trend of 3D Printing Technology 10
1.5 3D Printing E-commerce 11
2 Augmented Reality(AR) 15
2.1 The Characteristics of AR	16
2.2 The AR Imaging System 17
2.3 The Uses of AR 18
3 Kano Model 20
3.1 The Categories of Quality Attributes in Kano Model 20
3.2 The Construction of the Kano Model Questionnaire 22
3.3 Customer Satisfaction Index 24
3.4 The Advantages of Kano Model on Product Development 25
4 Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) 26
4.1 The Definition of Human-Computer Interface 26
4.2 The Types and Forms of HCI 27
4.3 The Design Principles of HCI 28
4.4 The Assessment of HCI 29
Chapter 3  The Methods of this Dissertation 32
1 The Research Plans and Process 32
2 The Research Steps 34
Chapter 4 The Development of AR Interfaces of 3D Printing Online Marketplaces 38
1 The Survey on Customer Demands of the Interface of 3D Printing Marketplace 38
1.1 Questionnaire Implementation 38
1.2 The Result 40
2 The Creation of Kano Questionnaire 44
3 The Categories of Kano Quality Attributes and the Satisfaction Index 46
3.1 The Categories of Kano Quality Attributes 46
3.2 The Result Analysis of Satisfaction Index 49
4 The Practical Creation of an AR Interface for 3D Printing Marketplaces 52
4.1 System Description 52
4.2 The Interface Design of HCI 59
Chapter 5  The Interface Assessment and Verification 70
1 The Experiment Descriptions	70
1.1 The Objective 70
1.2 The Participants 70
1.3 The Experimental Environment 70
1.4 The Devices and Equipment	71
1.5 The Experimental Procedure 71
1.6 The Questionnaire Design 74
1.7 The Analysis Methods 75
2 The Result and Discussion 76
2.1 The Result 76
2.2 Discussion 81
Chapter 6  Conclusions and Suggestions 82
1 Conclusions	82
2 Suggestions	85
References 86
Appendixes 90
Appendix One: The Questionnaire of the Interface of 3D Printing Marketplace 90
Appendix Two: The Kano Questionnaire 95
Appendix Three: The Interface Usability Questionnaire 109
Publications 114



                                    

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校內：2022-05-20公開
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