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研究生: 黃教彥
HAUNG, GOHN-YA
論文名稱: 都市垃圾焚化廠周界環境中大氣、植物、土壤等介質戴奧辛之特徵
Investigation on Dioxin Level of Ambient Air, Vegetation and Soil nearby a Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator
指導教授: 林達昌
Lin, Ta-Chang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 環境工程學系
Department of Environmental Engineering
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 200
中文關鍵詞: 大氣戴奧辛土壤都市垃圾焚化廠植物
外文關鍵詞: PCDD/Fs Atmosphere, Vegetation, Soil
相關次數: 點閱:87下載:5
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  •   M廠煙道廢氣中總PCDD/Fs I-TEQ平均濃度為0.0183 ng I-TEQ/Nm3,低於國內大型都市垃圾焚化廠法規值0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm3。24個周界大氣樣品PCDD/Fs之總I-TEQ平均濃度為0.142 pg I-TEQ/Nm3,若與日本法規規範之大氣PCDD/Fs濃度(0.6 pg I-TEQ/m3)來看,M廠周界大氣之PCDD/Fs濃度低於其法規規範值。24個周界植物樣品PCDD/Fs之總I-TEQ平均含量為5.07 ng I-TEQ/kg;24個周界土壤樣品PCDD/Fs之總I-TEQ平均含量為1.60 ng I-TEQ/kg。若以本計畫中土壤中PCDD/Fs含量最高之L採樣點(3.57 ng I-TEQ/kg)而論,其土壤仍可無限制使用(以德國法規而論)。根據大氣樣品主要成分分析,顯示十二個大氣採樣點皆跟M垃圾焚化廠煙道廢氣之PCDD/Fs特徵剖面無關,而部分濃度較高之採樣點特徵剖面與移動性污染源及金屬冶煉業相近,附近有許多其他固定污染源之採樣點,其周界大氣及植物、土壤中PCDD/Fs含量亦較高。由本研究兩季之最大落地濃度、上風處及下風處採樣點相比較,並藉由PCDD/Fs濃度之等位軌跡圖及主要成分分析結果顯示,M廠對其周界大氣及植物、土壤中PCDD/Fs之影響並不顯著。

     The mean PCDD/F concentration in stack air of the M municipal solid waste incinerator M(MSWIs) is 0.0183 ng I-TEQ/Nm3, lower than 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm3, the regulation value of national MSWIs. The mean PCDD/F concentration in 24 ambient air samples nearby M municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWIs) is 0.142 pg I-TEQ/Nm3 .Compared with ambient air concentration of Japan regulation value (0.6 pg I-TEQ/Nm3), the ambient air concentration of the M incinerator is lower than Japanese regulation value. The mean PCDD/F concentration in 24 vegetation samples nearby the M municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWIs) is 5.07 ng I-TEQ/kg ; The mean PCDD/F concentration in 24 soil samples nearby M municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWIs) is 1.60 ng I-TEQ/kg . In this research, even the soil from site L, which has the highest PCDD/Fs levels, can still be freely utilized (based on the German regulation value). According to the PCA of ambient air samples . 12 ambeint air samples are different from the stack air sample . Some sites with higher concentration had profiles similar to those of stationary emission sources or mobile source. By comparing the PCDD/F concentration of maximum ground concentration sampling sites, upwind sampling sites and downwind sampling sites, it is concluded that the emission of PCDD/F from the M MSWI to its surrounding environment is not significant.

    摘要Ⅰ 總目錄Ⅲ 表目錄Ⅴ 圖目錄Ⅵ 第一章 前言 1 第二章 文獻回顧 3 2-1 PCDD/Fs 3 2-1-1 PCDD/Fs之物理化學性質 3 2-1-2 PCDD/Fs對人體健康及環境的可能影響 4 2-1-3 PCDD/Fs之來源 7 2-2 PCDD/Fs之形成機制 11 2-2-1 de Novo合成反應 11 2-2-2經由前驅物質之異相觸媒合成 14 2-2-3 PCDDs與PCDFs形成機制之相異處 14 2-3 都市垃圾焚化爐 17 2-4環境介質中PCDD/Fs之特徵 18 2-4-1大氣中之PCDD/Fs 18 2-4-2植物中之PCDD/Fs 18 2-4-3土壤中之PCDD/Fs 22 2-5受體模式 25 2-5-1受體模式之基本理論 25 2-5-2特徵分析 25 第三章 研究方法及實驗步驟 30 3-1研究架構 30 3-2採樣點之規劃 31 3-2-1採樣點之選擇 31 3-2-2採樣點期程 31 3-3 採樣分析方法 37 3-3-1大氣PCDD/Fs採樣 37 3-3-1-1 PS-1高量空氣採樣器 37 3-3-1-2氣固相採樣模組 37 3-3-1-3流量校正 41 3-3-1-4 PCDD/Fs大氣採樣方法 46 3-3-1-5 PCDD/Fs大氣採樣之標準流量與體積 47 3-3-2土壤採樣 48 3-3-2-1採樣設備 51 3-3-2-2除污設備 51 3-3-2-3設備除污 51 3-3-2-4品保品管 51 3-3-3 植物體採樣程序及方法 52 3-3-3-1採樣設備 53 3-3-3-2採樣原則與計畫 53 3-3-3-3採樣設備 55 3-3-3-4採樣操作 55 3-3-4 PCDD/Fs樣品之前處理 57 3-3-4-1大氣樣品之前處理 57 3-3-4-2土壤檢驗流程 59 3-3-4-3植物檢驗流程 62 3-3-5 PCDD/Fs之儀器分析 63 3-3-6品質保證與品質控制 70 3-3-6-1實驗藥品與試劑 70 3-3-6-2大氣採樣 75 3-3-6-3 PCDD/Fs樣品分析前處理 78 3-3-6-4實驗室PCDD/Fs測試能力範圍 79 3-3-6-5高解析度氣相層析儀與高解析度質譜儀 79 3-3-6-6質譜圖鑑定準則 82 3-3-6-7實驗室品管程序 82 第四章 結果與討論 84 4-1都市垃圾焚化廠煙道中之PCDD/Fs 84 4-2 M焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之特徵 88 4-2-1 M焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之特徵 88 4-2-3與國內外相關研究結果之比較 108 4-3 M都市垃圾焚化廠周界植物中PCDD/Fs之特徵 122 4-3-1 M都市垃圾焚化廠周界植物中PCDD/Fs之特徵 122 4-3-2與國內外相關研究結果之比較 134 4-4 M都市垃圾焚化廠周界土壤中PCDD/Fs之特徵 142 4-4-1 M都市垃圾焚化廠周界土壤中PCDD/Fs之特徵 142 4-4-2與國內外相關研究結果之比較 157 4-5比較各介質中PCDD/Fs含量之相關性 167 五、結論與建議 174 5-1結論 174 5-2建議 175

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