阿豐斯・慕夏（Alphonse Mucha, 1860-1939）是「新藝術」（Art Nouveau）時期重要的藝術家與商業海報設計師，他來自相對西歐較為落後的捷克（Czech）地區，19世紀的巴黎已經進入現代化生活，具有最新科技與藝術環境，吸引藝術家前往發展事業。時值捷克民族復興運動與泛斯拉夫主義（Pan-Slavism）興起，東歐鄉村間的民間藝術（Folk Art）適逢新藝術風格盛行的異國情調，於是很多藝術家運用民間藝術來創作，藉以宣揚民族的傳統文化。在新藝術不再成為時下潮流之後，慕夏持續繪製宣傳海報作品，但內容不是過去的商品代言，而是與斯拉夫民族相關的活動。

綜觀慕夏的創作歷程：早年以插畫接案維生，在巴黎十年左右以新藝術風格商業海報成為當紅藝術家，晚年回到布拉格定居並創作《斯拉夫史詩》（Slav Epic）系列壁畫。儘管他創作的分期明確，對於民族關懷的動機卻是連貫的，在巴黎時期他便不斷在研究捷克的歷史以及民間藝術，作為創作的元素。

本論文以慕夏在巴黎時期的商業海報為對照，並以藝術家自傳紀錄對民族復興的想法，從他的觀點探討民族精神，把斯拉夫文化以晚年的海報視覺圖像傳達給大眾。

Alphonse Mucha, (1860-1939) known as an important artist and poster designer in Art Nouveau style, he was from the Czech Region nowadays Czech Republic, but developed his career in Paris. Modern Paris had the most updated technology and arts in that period which was the attraction for artists to go, while Czech was left behind. The temporary tangency of Art style included exotic interest, therefore, Eastern European artists promoted traditional peasant culture through their works to support Czech National Revival and Pan-Slavism, Mucha was one of the artists promoting this tendency. He focused on producing posters about Slav events instead of commercial products even after the Art Nouveau period of Fin de Siecle.

Mucha’s career can be divided into three stages: i) Book illustrator during his early years in Paris; ii) Famous commercial poster designer of Art Nouveau style for 10 years in Paris; iii) Painter of the ‘Slav Epic’ upon his return to Prague. Although these phases are distinct from one another, his motivation and creativity coming from his national concern and his continuous study of Czech history and folk art are a constant throughout them.

This treatise compares Mucha’s commercial posters from his career in Paris with the ones he made while he was painting the ‘Slav Epic’. Showing the development of his skills to embed his national spirt and concern in his poster works.

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（六） 西文碩博士論文
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