本論文研究利用液晶-高分子混合材料形成之三維光子晶體和準晶體的結構及光學特性。在實驗中利用二道光(夾38.9°)干涉，做四次和七次曝光將干涉強弱分佈記錄在液晶-高分子材料中，形成全像液晶聚合物薄膜(holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, HPDLC)，利用SEM觀察結構分佈發現結構為三維體心正方(Body-centered tetragonal, B.C.T)光子晶體和七重對稱準晶體的結構，液晶球直徑為0.64 μm，體心正方結構測量到的晶格間距分別為0.796 μm、0.806 μm、0.8 μm及3.416 μm，並和模擬干涉場的結果做比較，誤差分別為2.1 %、0.89 %、1.6 %、5.52 %，而準晶格結構所量測到的晶格間距為4.43μm，和模擬結果的誤差為5.14 %。使用多種光源如二極體泵浦固態雷射(DPSS; λ=532 nm)或氙燈源(300~800 nm)觀測不同入射角度的繞射場並相較時域有限差分法(FDTD)和傅立葉分析(Fourier Analysis)的模擬，結果相當符合。在加電場的情況下觀測，結果顯示在電壓漸漸上升的同時，第一階繞射效率會下降而零階穿透效率會上升，證實我們的材料為可調控的。此外我們也有觀測到光子晶體的超稜鏡現象(Superprism effect)，且最大的散射角度約為24°。

This thesis investigates the structures and optical properties of three-dimensional (3-D) photonic crystals and quasi-periodic crystals based on liquid crystal-polymer composites. Experimentally, photonic crystals and quasi-periodic crystals were fabricated holographically using two-beam interference with four and seven exposures, respectively. The structures were studied using scanning electron microscopy, and found to be B.C.T and 7-fold quasicrystal, respectively. The size of droplets is 0.64 μm. For B.C.T, the lattice spacings were 0.796 μm, 0.806 μm, 0.8 μm, and 3.416 μm with errors of 2.1 %, 0.89 %, 1.6 %, and 5.52 % in comparison with theory, respectively. The lattice spacing of quasicrystal was 4.43μm with deviation of 5.14 % with theory. Using a diode pumped solid state laser (DPSS, λ= 532 nm)and a Xe lamp (λ=300~750 nm), we experimented the diffraction patterns from the samples with various incident angles. The results agree well with the simulsted ones obtained using Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) and Fourier Analyses. Under the application of an AC voltage, the first-order diffraction efficiency decreases, while the zoeoth-order transmission efficiency increases with the voltage. It demonstrates the fact that the fabricated photonic crystals are electrically tunable. Moreover, they possess superprism effect with a maximum dispersion angle ~24°.

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