含鎳廢觸媒渣(藍泥)，是由加氫脫硫廢觸媒經鹼焙燒處理後所得之殘渣，目前國內目前藍泥產量年約7000噸，因相關業者現行技術及設備尚無法處理，目前均採掩埋方式處理或運至中國大陸作為提煉鎳之原料。本研究以硫酸化焙燒之方式將藍泥內鈷、鎳等有價金屬有效回收，利用 KHSO4(s)、NaHSO4(aq)、Na2S2O7(s)作為助熔劑，探討不同助熔劑之最佳焙燒條件，另一部分，蒸餾水作為浸漬液，探討硫酸化藍泥之最佳浸漬條件，並將溶出率帶入動力學公式，計算出活化能。結果顯示：藍泥與KHSO4以1:10(重量比)配比下均勻混合後，於焙燒溫度為600 ℃，焙燒時間為1 hr時，為最佳回收鎳之條件，其回收率為94.3 %；藍泥與NaHSO4(aq)以1:10配比下均勻混合後，於焙燒溫度為600 ℃，焙燒時間為2 hr時，為最佳回收鎳之條件，其回收率為98 %；藍泥與Na2S2O7(s)以1:7.5配比下均勻混合後，於焙燒溫度為600 ℃，焙燒時間為2 hr時，為最佳回收鎳之條件，其回收率為90 %；硫酸化藍泥以蒸餾水浸漬，固液比為0.044 g/ml，浸漬溫度為90 ℃，於浸漬時間30 min，其鎳回收率可達到97 %，此為最佳浸漬條件；將硫酸化藍泥的溶出率帶入動力學公式，計算出活化能為為7.57 kcal/mol，而上述溶解所需活化能接近5 kcal/mol，此反應可由攪拌速度及浸漬溫度皆能提升溶解速率，其為界面控制反應的特徵。

The nickel-containing waste catalyst residue (Blue Sludge) obtained from processed spent hydrodesulfurization catalyst. At present, about 7000 tons per year for nickel-containing waste catalyst residue arising from the hydroesulfurization of spent catalyst resources process. Existing technology and equipment of the domestic industry is still unable to handle the nickel-containing waste catalyst residue, were collected disposed of by burial or shipped to China as raw material for refined nickel.
In this study, Extraction of nickel from nickel-containing waste catalyst residue by sulphtization roasting . The route is based on fusion of sample with KHSO4,NaHSO¬4, Na2S2O7.The optimized experimental parameters were:Blue sludge/ KHSO4 mass ratio,1/10;temperature, 600℃; time,2h;Ni extraction 98 %; Blue sludge/Na2S2O7 mass ratio,1/7.5;temperature,600℃;time,2h;Ni extraction 90%;water leaching for 30 min at 90℃ with liquid/solid ratio of 62.5:11.
Plot of 1-(1-X)1/2 versus reaction time giving linear relationship indicationg that a liquid film diffusion is the rate-determining step. The apparent activation energy was measured to be 7.57 kcal/mol.

1.張國慶，“廢觸媒資源化技術與福誼公司資源化成果”環保產業雙月刊，第31期，pp.35-38，2005。
2.蔡尚林，“廢觸媒回收處理案例介紹”環保工程月刊，十月號，pp.128-137，2001。
3.陳陵援等，“專題報導生活中的神燈──觸媒”科學發展，370期，10月2003年。
4.林凱隆，陳烱力，吳貞瑩，蘇宏仁，章凱婷，林依杏，“廢觸媒再利用作為延遲性膠結材料之研究”，產業環保工程實務研討會，台北，2006。
5.I. Wernick, N.J. Themelis, Recycling metals for the environment, Annu.Rev. Energy Environ. 23 ,pp465–477,1998
6.M.Marafi,A.Stanislaus, “Qptions and processes for spent catalyst handling and utilization”, Journal of Hazatdous Materizls,B101,pp123-132,2003.
7.M. Marafi, A. Stanislaus, “Spent catalyst waste management: a review. Part I.Developments in hydroprocessing catalyst waste reduction and use”, Resour.Conserv. Recy. 52 (2008) 859–873.
8.M. Marafi, A. Stanislaus, Spent hydroprocessing catalyst management: a review.Part II. Advances in metal recovery and safe disposal methods, Resour. Conserv.Recy.53, pp1-26,(2008).
9.林凱隆，鄭堡元，游國政，郭子航，陳永慶，“廢觸媒燒製紅磚之資材化探討”，第八屆資源與環境學術研討會，花蓮，2006。
10.Furimsky, E., “Spent refinery catalysts: environment, safety and utilization”.Catalysis Today 30, pp223–286, 1996.
11.P.Zhang, K.Inoue ,K.Yoshizuka,H.Tsuyama,“Extraction and selective strippong of molybdenum(VI) and vanadium(IV),cobalt(III),nickel(II)and iron(III) by LIX63 in Exxsol D80”Hydrometallurgy,41 pp45~53,1996.
12.T.N.Angelidis,E.Tourasanidis,E.Marinou,G.A.Stalisis, “Selective dissolution of critical metals from diesel ad naptha spent hydrodesulphurization catalysts” ,Resources conservation and recycling 13, pp269~282,1995年。
13.蘇英源、郭金國編著，“冶金學”全華科技圖書股份有限公司，pp.2-11~2-16，pp.4-1~4-9，2001。
14.Jeanette N,Roelofsen,Ronald C,Peterson, “Structural variation in nickel aluminate spinel (NiAl2O3)”, American Mineralogist, Volume 77, pp 522-528, 1992.
15.牟應蓉、王曉京等人，“鎳催化劑中鎳鋁尖晶石生成條件考察”，天然氣化工，第三期，pp26-30，1990年。
16.M. Mohammadpour Amini, L. Torkian,“Preparation of nickel aluminate spinel by microwave heating”, Materials Letters 57,pp639– 642,2002.
17.K.J.De Vries and P.J.Gellings,“The thermal decomposition of potassium and sodium-pyrosulfate”,J.inorg.nucl.Chem., Vol.31.pp1307-1313,1969.
18.I.A. Piskunova, A.A. Lysenko, O.V. Astashkina, M.O. Basok ,“Derivatographic studies of the thermal behavior of some salts”, Fibre Chem., pp.168–171, 2003.
19.Roberto Giovanini Busnardo, Nat´alia Giovanini Busnardo,Gustavo Nascimento Salvato, J´ulio Carlos Afonso, “Processing of spent NiMo and CoMo/Al2O3 catalystsvia fusion with KHSO4” ,Journal of Hazardous Materials, B139, pp391–398,2007.
20.Sebastiao Guedes Batista Junior, Julio Carlos Afonso, “Processing of spent platinum-based catalysts via fusion with potassium hydrogenosulfate”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 184, pp717–723,2010.
21.Levenspiel, O, Chemical reaction engineering,2nd edn, John Wiley&Sons, New York, 1972。
22.Yagi, S. and Kunii, D, 5th Symposium(international) on Combustion, Reinhold,New York,1955,p.231；Chem. Eng.(Japan), 19 ,500(1995)。
23.林俊一，化學反應工程第三版，p.3，1990。
24.KNona C. Liddell, Shrinking core models in hydrometallurgy: What students are not being told about the pseudo-steady approximation,Hydrometallurgy,pp62– 68,2005
25.Thomas Engel, Philip Reid,“Physical Chemistry, pp567-576,2005.
26.李洪桂等，濕法冶金學，中南大學出版社，p.78，12月1998年。
27.Edward I.,Luther R.,Ranko,“Cyclic process for recovering metal values and alumina from spent catalysts ”,United States Patent 4670229, May 9, 1986.
28.David E. Hyatt,“ Value recovery from spent alumina-base catalyst”,United States Patent 4657745, Apr 14, 1987.
29.David E. Sherwood, Jr., Johnnie R. Hardee, Jr.,“ Method for the reactivation of spent alumina-supported hydrotreating catalysts”,United States Patent 5254513, Oct 19, 1993.
30.Zhao Youcai, R.Stanforth, “Technical note extracton of zinc from zinc ferrites by fusion with caustic soda”, Minerals Engineering, Vol.13,No.13,pp1417-1421,2000.
31.B.B. Kar, Y. V.Swamy,“ Technical note some aspects of nickel extraction from chromitiferous overburden by sulphatization roasting”, Minerals Engineering,Vol.13,No.14-15,pp1635-1640
2000.
32.廢棄物資源化技術資訊手冊，“廢觸媒資源化技術篇－鈷鉬系廢觸媒資源化技術”，經濟部工業局，p124，12月2003年。
33.Yun Chen , Qiming Feng, Yanhai Shao, Guofan Zhang, Leming Ou,Yiping Lu,“Technical note Research on the recycling of valuable metals in spent Al2O3-based catalyst”, Minerals Engineering Vol,19 pp94-97,2006.
34.Christopher D. Zangmeister1,Jeanne E. Pemberton,“Phase transition between two anhydrous modifications of NaHSO4 mediated by heat and water”, Journal of Solid State Chemistry ,pp1826–1831,2007.