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研究生： 戴豪君
Tai, Hao-Chun
論文名稱： 深層岩體熱力-水力-力學偶合行為之初步研究
Coupled Analysis of Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Behavior in Deep Rocks
指導教授： 陳昭旭
Chen, Chao-Hsu
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 資源工程學系
Department of Resources Engineering
論文出版年： 2003
畢業學年度： 91
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 158
中文關鍵詞： 熱力-水力-力學偶合 、FLAC3D 、TOUGH2
外文關鍵詞： TOUGH2, FLAC3D, thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM)
相關次數： 點閱：61  下載：4 
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    • 摘 要
    為了解深層岩體受高溫作用後，其溫度改變所產生之熱效應，對於深層岩體各種力學性質與水文性質之影響，本研究將利用FLAC3D與TOUGH2兩套數值分析軟體，模擬核廢料之深層處置，並探討熱力-水力-力學偶合(Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical)行為，研究分析在核廢料處置5年、10年、50年及100年等階段之岩體溫度分佈情形，並且在熱效應之影響下，分析其岩體應力分佈、位移趨勢及飽和岩體之水流向，以了解實際深層岩體之熱力-水力-力學偶合行為。
    經過研究模擬及分析後，在溫度分佈中發現，經過偶合模擬之岩體溫度有向上擴張之趨勢，使處置坑道之上部岩體溫度高於下部岩體，其與孔隙岩體熱對流效應有關，與未經過偶合模擬之處置岩體，溫度等量向外擴張之熱傳導形式不同。並且發現，處置歷時100年之不同距離岩體溫度，與核廢料相同有熱衰減之現象，其熱效應影響距離約在400公尺內，且愈向外則影響範圍愈小。而在岩體之應力變化中發現，處置5年、10年溫度上升階段與處置50年、100年溫度下降階段之張應力與壓應力分佈大不相同。另外在處置岩體之水流向中發現，孔隙岩體的水流也有向上之趨勢，因此可知其孔隙岩層之熱對流現象主導水流方向以及溫度分佈，並且間接影響岩體之應力分佈。
    關鍵字：熱力-水力-力學偶合、FLAC3D、TOUGH2

    Abstract

    The disposal of spent nuclear fuel produced high temperature which effected the properties of deep rocks with thermomechanical and hydromechanical interactions. In this study, it used two computer codes of TOUGH2 and FLAC3D were linked and executed for coupled analysis of thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM) behaviors in deep rocks. The analysis was simulated disposal of unclear waste which produced heat to effect the temperature spread, stress distribution, displacement of rocks and direction of fluid flow for 5, 10, 50 and 100 years after deposition in porous media.
    In this study, the coupled model of THM is used to simulate the temperature field. We can find that, the temperature of above rocks is higher than below ones. Because heat transfer in porous media is convection not conduction, it is different with simulation by uncoupled. The results show the disposal of unclear waste after 100 years that heat transport effect within about 400m in rocks. The compressive and tensile stresses of rocks disposes are not the same ,when the temperature rises after 5 and 10 years as well as temperature drops after 50 and 100 years. Water flow has convected upward in porous media and has indirect related to water flow and the temperature spread.

    Keywords：thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM), FLAC3D, TOUGH2

    目 錄 摘要........................................I 英文摘要....................................II 致謝........................................III 目錄........................................IV 表目錄......................................VIII 圖目錄......................................IX 符號定義....................................XIV 第一章 緒論.................................1 1.1 研究動機................................1 1.2 研究目的................................2 1.3 研究內容................................3 第二章 文獻回顧.............................6 2.1 岩石之熱力-力學(TM)行為.................6 2.2 岩層之熱力-水力(TH)行為.................16 2.3 岩體之熱力-水力-力學(THM)行為...........18 2.4 小結....................................26 第三章 相關理論.............................27 3.1 熱傳理論................................27 3.1.1 熱傳導理論...........................27 3.1.2 熱對流理論...........................31 3.2 流體傳輸理論............................34 3.3 有限差分法(FDM)之熱傳導理論.............35 3.3.1 以微分方程式推導.....................36 3.3.2 以能量平衡推導.......................37 3.3.3 能量方程式微分推導...................39 3.4 小結...................................42 第四章 數值分析方法.........................43 4.1 FLAC3D之分析模式........................43 4.1.1 FLAC3D概述...........................43 4.1.2 FLAC3D運算程序.......................47 4.1.3 FLAC3D熱傳模式特徵...................48 4.1.4 FLAC3D熱傳模式理論...................49 4.1.5 FLAC3D熱傳模式之數值方法.............53 4.1.6 FLAC3D之基本分析架構.................66 4.1.7 FLAC3D之實際分析步驟.................68 4.2 TOUGH2之分析模式........................70 4.2.1 TOUGH2概述...........................70 4.2.2 TOUGH2變數矩陣結構...................72 4.2.3 TOUGH2模式理論.......................75 4.2.4 TOUGH2模式之數值方法.................78 4.2.5 TOUGH2分析架構.......................81 4.3 TOUGH2與FLAC3D之偶合....................82 4.3.1 TOUGH2與FLAC3D之偶合方法.............82 4.3.2 TOUGH2與FLAC3D之偶合關係式...........85 4.4 小結....................................88 第五章 案例模擬與結果分析...................89 5.1 模擬分析之假設..........................89 5.1.1 模型之橫斷面與尺寸...................89 5.1.2 模型之邊界設定.......................91 5.1.3 模型之初始條件.......................97 5.1.4 模擬之材料參數.......................102 5.2 模擬案例形式............................104 5.2.1 不同距離熱源之溫度觀測...............105 5.2.2 岩體之應力分佈.......................106 5.2.3 岩體之位移趨勢.......................106 5.2.4 飽和岩層之水流向.....................106 5.3 結果與討論..............................106 5.3.1 溫度分佈.............................107 5.3.2 應力分佈.............................127 5.3.3 位移趨勢.............................140 5.3.4 水流方向.............................144 第六章 結論與建議...........................150 6.1 結論....................................150 6.2 建議....................................153 參考文獻....................................154

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