嘉義縣原住民地區因受地形、交通等限制，生活環境條件較差。而因自來水建設所需投資較大，且營運成本較高，故難普遍供應，居民大多飲用山澗水或溪水等來源之簡易自來水系統。

本論文主要研究嘉義縣原住民地區12個村里中，48處簡易自來水系統配置及運作情形，並以作者由104至106年巡查檢視各簡水系統設施之調查情形與各簡水系統水源頭和居民取水口之取水送驗之檢測資料，提出針對現有簡易自來水系統之改善水質方案。

　　結果顯示，目前嘉義縣原住民地區之簡易自來水系統水源多數仍不符合現有的「飲用水水源水質標準」，其中以大腸桿菌超標問題最為嚴重。建議短期水質改善方式須以增設良好殺菌設備並更新舊有PVC管材為優先。中長期建議須以平地飲用水之「飲用水水質標準」為目標，在更安全嚴謹的規範下，使居民有便利且安全衛生的飲用水使用。在中長期目標的標準之下，其中除原有的大腸桿菌超標問題外，尚有鉛與氨氮超標等問題。建議中長期水質改善方式須增設大型RO逆滲透機組以淨化水質。本研究彙整104至106年之水質送驗之調查資料，提出短期與中長期改善對策，並評估各目標所需配置項目及經費，提供相關單位在施工規劃及管理簡易自來水系統時的參考依據。

SUMMARY
The aboriginal area of Chiayi County is constrained by terrain and traffic, and its living environment is backward. Due to construct small water treatment facilities needs large investment and high operating costs, it is difficult to supply universally. Most of the residents drink the mountain water and the stream water from small water treatment facilities.

This paper mainly studies the configuration and operation of 48 small water treatment facilities in 12 villages in the aboriginal area of Chiayi County. We investigated facilities from 2015 to 2017, taking samples from the water source and then sent for inspection. After that, we proposed the water quality improvement plan for the existing small water treatment facilities based on this test data.

The results shows that the water source data of most small water treatment facilities still do not correspond with “Water Quality Standards For Drinking Water Sources”. The most severe problem is that the failure E. coli exceeds the prescribed standard. Therefore, it is recommended that in order to improve the short-term water quality, we should take priority to add high quality sterilization equipment and renew the old PVC pipes. For the purpose of providing residents with convenient and safe drinking water, We recommend that the medium and long-term focus on the "Drinking Water Quality Standards" for flat drinking water. If we want to meet the standard of long-term goals, there are some problems we need to solve.

Such as E. coli standard is illegal, lead and ammonia nitrogen standard are also the problems we need to concern. It is recommended that a large reverse osmosis unit be added to purify the water.
This study organizes the survey data of water quality inspections from 2015 to 2017, proposing short-term and medium-term improvement, then evaluates the required allocation items and the funds for each target. And take it as a reference when planning and managing the small water treatment facilities.
At last, according to the evaluation of the experiment result, it is suggested that we use the UV sterilization to purify the water quality since this method is much easier to operate and maintain.
Besides, it takes a low cost to set up. After the estimation, the sum of the money we need to invest in the Aboriginal area in Chiayi County is about NT$965,000. Moreover, in order to complete the long-term target, after the investigation we had conducted, it is suggested that the most feasible way to purify the water quality is the large-scale reverse osmosis unit filtration. And, the total budget for this program will be about NT$24,019,125

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