摘 要

客艙安全是在飛機發生意外時降低傷亡率，而在飛機在進行操作時提供乘客及機組員一個安全的客艙環境。本研究是經由調查國內搭機乘客對客艙安全、飛航安全風險及飛航防衛等認知與飛行前安全提示參與情況後，以做為建構飛航安全資訊教育之宣導、執行及訓練方法的依據，本研究發現如下。
一、受訪者主觀認知交通工具中，以火車為最安全，其次為民航客機、輪船、大客車、小客車。而失事生還率，則以民航機為最低。受訪者對各項飛機緊急情況發生的生還率均有低估之情況，緊急情況實際生還率愈低之狀況，低估之情況愈大。
二、近一半受訪者認為自己有注意逃生門位置、會使用氧氣面罩及逃生背心，但表示不會開啟逃生門。近八成的受訪者認為飛機迫降瞬間身體應該彎腰抱腿，並且逃生時應聽從機組員指示。有近半數的受訪者認為外力撞擊造成的傷亡情況最為嚴重。而受訪者認為火及煙霧、不會使用求生裝備及機組員危機處理能力薄弱是三個最主要導致逃生困難的因素。
三、71%的受訪者表示會聆聽安全提示，會閱讀安全提示卡的比例為34%。受訪者認為安全提示以空服員示範最具吸引力，而宣傳飛航安全最有效的傳播媒介是電視。
四、受訪者認為加強登機前安檢是最有效的預防劫機措施，並贊成配置空安人員，以「確保安全」為主要原因。受訪者認為空安人員應該來自於警界。當發生劫機時，有57.6%的受訪者表示會採取行動制服歹徒。
五、硬體因素的認知情況與聆聽安全提示頻率與閱讀安全提示卡頻率有顯著的正相關。

Abstract

Cabin safety reduces fatalities and injuries resulting from an accident and provides for a safe environment for passengers and crew members in and around an aircraft. This research through surveying domestic passengers’ perception of cabin safety, aviation safety risks, flight security and the conditions of safety briefing could be for future reference for establishing aviation safety information education on promotion, execution, and training. The findings of the analysis are as follows:
1. The respondents perceived that the safest rates for different ways of transportations were in the following order: trains, aircrafts, ships, buses, and cars. They perceived that aircrafts had the lowest accident survival rates. The respondents underestimate all kinds of aviation accidents survival rates. The lower the actual aviation accidents survival rate, the lower it was estimated.
2. About half the respondents considered that they had paid attention to emergency exit position and can operate oxygen masks and life vests, but couldn’t open emergency exit. About eighty percent of the respondents considered that the correct posture should be bending down and holding arms behind legs in a crash landing and listen to crewmember’s commands at evacuation. About half the respondents considered that external force strike was the most serious. The main three factors making evacuation difficult were: fire and smog, incapable of operating survival equipments, and crewmember’s poor crisis handling capacity.
3. 71 percent of the respondents expressed that they would listen to safety briefings and 34 percent of them would read safety briefing cards. The respondents expressed that the attendant-led briefing was the most attractive. The most effective way for propagandizing aviation safety was through television broadcasting.
4. The respondents expressed that the most effective precautionary measure of hijacking was strengthening the security check and agreed of disposing security guards for safety. The respondents considered that security guards should come from police squad. If hijacking occurred, 57.6 percent of the respondents expressed that they would take action to subdue the hijackers.
5. The correlation between hardware perception of cabin safety and frequency of listening to safety briefings, and reading safety briefing cards were both statistically significant

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