在現今的職場上，長時間工作已成常態，此舉容易造成工作者生理和心理上的健康問題。為改善這種情況，過去研究提出改變工作檯設計或進行運動介入的方法，可以讓工作者在短暫休息時間輕鬆運動，達到促進身體健康和提升認知功能以提高工作績效。
本研究目的為探究運動對於行走中同步進行認知任務時的任務績效和動作控制產生之變化。本實驗招募32位健康年輕人參與實驗，實驗過程以雙重任務作為觀察的角度，並採用低強度的急性運動並配合血流阻斷法模擬高強度的運動效果以作為運動介入的選擇。實驗共分為三種運動介入方式（Control、NBFO與BFO）、兩種認知測驗（dTMT-A與dTMT-B）與三種測驗時間（Pre、Post-5 min與Post-15 min），探討不同運動方式於不同時間對於認知功能與移動控制之影響。
研究發現，在兩種認知任務中，不同的運動介入方案對認知任務的表現沒有太大差異，但運動的方案幾乎優於Control的方案（如：平均總完成時間較短、完成總個數較多與停頓總時間較短等）。雙重任務的表現在部分結果上稍遜於單一任務。不同執行時間對認知任務的結果幾乎沒有太大差異。在步態表現方面，BFO的方案在執行雙重任務時表現較佳（走路速度較快）。在不同執行時間下，Post-15 min的結果優於Pre的結果（走路速度較快），而部分Post-5 min的結果也優於Pre的結果（走路速度較快）。執行dTMT-B（難度較高）的雙重任務步態結果的變異係數在不同運動介入方案下有顯著差異。複雜指數結果在兩項運動的方案下優於Control的方案（數值較高），而在不同執行模式和執行時間下則無顯著差異。
因此本實驗建議，若能將此方案推行至實務上，採用BFO的運動介入後再執行認知難度較低的雙重任務較能對工作者帶來較大的增益效果。

關鍵字：血流阻斷法、急性運動、低強度運動、雙重任務、移動控制、步態分析

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise on task performance and motion control during concurrent cognitive tasks while walking. 32 subjects were recruited for the experiment. The experiment employed a dual-task paradigm to observe the participants and utilized low-load acute exercise combined with blood flow occlusion to simulate the effects of high-load exercise. The experiment consisted of 3 exercise intervention conditions (Control, NBFO, and BFO),2 cognitive tests (dTMT-A and dTMT-B), and 3 test times (Pre, Post-5 min, and Post-15 min), aiming to explore the impact of different exercise interventions at different times on cognitive function and motion control.
The results showed that there were no significant differences in cognitive task performance among different exercise intervention conditions, but the exercise conditions were generally superior to the Control condition (e.g., shorter average total completion time, higher total number of completions, and shorter total pause time). Dual-task performance was slightly inferior to single-task performance in some aspects. There were almost no significant differences in cognitive task results among different task durations. Regarding gait performance, the BFO condition showed better performance (faster walking speed) during dual-task execution. Across different test time, the results of Post-15 min were better than Pre (faster walking speed), and some results of Post-5 min were also better than Pre (faster walking speed). The coefficient of variation of gait results for the dual-task with dTMT-B (higher difficulty) varied significantly among different exercise intervention conditions. The complexity index results were higher under both exercise conditions compared to the Control condition, but there were no significant differences among different task modes and durations.
Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that implementing the BFO exercise intervention followed by performing dual-tasks with lower cognitive difficulty may yield greater benefits for workers if applied in practical settings.

Key words: blood flow occlusion, acute exercise, low-load exercise, dual-task, motion control, gait analysis

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