岩石中的磁性礦物形成後能記錄當時地球磁場方向和強度，而殘磁訊息得以探究不同地質時間之古地球磁場，現今地質中巨觀磁學為主要解釋地磁場變化之方法，隨著古地磁研究朝著高程度解析重建過去地磁場變化之快速事件的方向發展，奈米尺度的磁性探討有其必要性，磁力顯微鏡能針對單一礦物觀察其磁區結構，觀察在成岩過程中獲取殘磁的影響因素，其結果有助於解決許多地質問題。本研究以臺灣西南部古亭坑層泥岩二仁溪流域為例，利用磁力顯微鏡量測泥岩中硫複鐵礦微觀磁性，統計單磁區結構排列方向，推斷其岩心之磁學特性，並與巨觀磁性相互比較；另合成不同粒徑之硫複鐵礦，使用磁力顯微鏡觀察其磁區結構，判斷其磁區結構與粒徑之依賴性。結果顯示：沉積岩內磁性礦物濃度極低，粒狀硫複鐵礦與片狀菱硫鐵礦共生填充於雲母、綠泥石等矽酸鹽解理或裂隙中。巨觀磁性Day plot顯示磁性載體為單磁區，對照微觀磁性觀察結果：單磁區顆粒占母數樣品之80~90 %，多數粒徑介於0.5~1.5微米；多磁區顆粒佔10~20 %，多數粒徑大於1.5微米。微觀磁性結果顯示：(1)有些磁區範圍小於晶體外貌之現象，對照SEM觀察礦物外圍受環境氧化影響，導致磁性消失；(2)同一樣本中磁區觀察出現磁極相反現象，推測原因有二：其一為不同地磁時期生成之硫複鐵礦；其二為相同地磁時期生成而先後相互影響。六個盲測樣本之古地磁磁極結果，其中五個樣本巨觀量測與微觀統計結果趨勢一致，另一樣本巨觀與微觀觀察結果不一致，可能因為微觀觀察區域過於狹窄，無法客觀表示整體岩心之磁場方向。人工合成硫複鐵礦之結果顯示：硫複鐵礦粒徑為1微米仍為單磁區。透過巨觀磁學量測之平均磁訊息，搭配微觀磁結構分析岩樣中單一礦物之磁訊號，兩者相輔相成，可更精確地進行古地磁判釋。

Paleomagnetism is the study of the record of the Earth’s magnetic field in the rocks. Marine and lacustrine sediments represent an important source of global paleomagnetic data. Greigite (Fe3S4) is important in paleomagnetic, environmental, biological, biogeochemical, tectonic, and industrial processes. We combined micro-magnetic analysis magnetic force microscopy (MFM) and macro-magnetic analysis to image magnetic Iron-sulfide minerals from the Gutingkeng Formation in southwestern Taiwan. SEM observations show that greigite were small grains within phyllosilicate cleavages. Day Plot of Mr/Ms versus Hcr/Hc showed magnetic minerals in mudstone were single domain. MFM can measure the rock natural remanent magnetization. Micro-magnetic measure over 80~90 % are single domain magnetic minerals, which size around in 0.5~1.5 μm. Different size of greigite were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and analysis each particle magnetic domain. We discovered that single domain of greigite particle is large than 1 μm. Overall, the MFM micro-magnetic technique can provide more magnetic information and is a powerful tool that can be potentially applied in the geomagnetic and geological fields.

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