錫(Sn)和鉛(Pb)都屬於傳統的第一類超導體，臨界溫度分別為3.72K和7.20K、臨界磁場則分別為306 Oe和803 Oe。我們將這兩種元素侷限於奈米玻璃球陣列或奈米多孔隙玻璃基架內，分別製成Sn opal、Sn in porous glass、Pb opal、Pb in porous glass等樣品，進行熱容、交流磁化率和直流磁化強度等物理性質之量測，可發現其超導熱性和磁性具有第二類超導體的特徵，諸如上臨界磁場、磁通釘紮現象、正曲率現象與磁通躍動等。
我們可由H－Tc圖的高場區段估算出遠高於塊材的上臨界磁場，並從低場部分觀察到正曲率現象；藉由M－T量測證明磁通釘紮現象之存在；在磁滯曲線中發現磁通躍動之現象，並以絕熱近似法建立模型來擬合實驗結果。除此之外，我們還探究了交流頻率與相變溫度的相關性，計算各靜磁場下的活化能；嘗試將Pb in porous glass置入高壓系統中進行直流磁性量測，發現高壓將導致臨界溫度和磁場降低。

Both tin and lead are the conventional type I superconductor with critical temperature Tc = 3.72K, 7.20K and critical field Hc = 306,803 Oe respectively. These elements were confined into SiO2 nano-sphere matrices or nanoporous glass, which created Sn opal, Sn in porous glass, Pb opal, and Pb in porous glass respectively. Thermal and magnetic properties of our samples can be measured by heat capacity, ac susceptibility, and dc magnetization. We discovered that the characters of type II superconductor exist in these samples, such as the upper critical field, flux pinning effect, positive curvature, and flux jumps.
The upper critical field higher than critical field of bulk can be estimated by higher fields region of H－Tc diagram, and positive curvature can be observed from lower fields part. The existence of flux pinning effect was proved by M－T measurement. Flux jumps can be observed on hysteresis loops, which were successfully simulated using the adiabatic approximation which was developed for type-II superconductors. Besides, we studied frequency dependence of critical temperatures, and calculated the thermal activation energy at the static fields. We tried to make Pb in porous glass fixed in high pressure cell and measured dc magnetization, which revealed that both critical temperature and critical field lowered under high pressure.

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